Acetivibrio thermocellus

(aka Clostridium thermocellum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Acetivibrio thermocellus, (aka Clostridium thermocellum), is a Gram-negative, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped - curved bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 38.1-39.5%. Acetivibrio thermocellus is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Browne2016; Rainey2011pBergey; Ng1977; Rainey2011cBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from a sewage digestor; has also been detected in human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Cellulolytic. Does not ferment any other sugars. High optimum growth temperature so unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ng1977); (Rainey2011cBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • cellulose;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 5-6.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 60-64℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • cellulose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • cellubiose; cellulose;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Ng1977); (Rainey2011cBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate; ethanol; CO₂; H₂;
  • Pigments:
  • yellow

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Oscillospiraceae Genus:  Acetivibrio Alt. name:  Clostridium thermocellum Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod - curved Pigment:  yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  a sewage digestor; has also been detected in human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  38.1-39.5
    Opt. T:  60-64℃
    Opt. pH:  5-6
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Cellulose:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Cellulose:  + Glycogen:  neg Mannitol:  neg Pectin:  neg Salicin:  neg Starch:  neg Xylan:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  + Ethanol:  + CO2:  + H2:  + Pigment:  yellow

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ACETIVIBRIO THERMOCELLUS
  • Browne2016 - Culturing of 'unculturable' human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation.
  • Rainey2011pBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Ruminococcaceae, Genus III. Acetivibrio
  • Karlsson2013 - Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
  • Izquierdo2014 - Comparative analysis of the ability of Clostridium clariflavum strains and Clostridium thermocellum to utilize hemicellulose and unpretreated plant material.
  • Ng1977 - Cellulolytic and Physiological Properties of Clostridium thermocellum
  • Rainey2011cBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster III
  • Coretti2018 - Gut Microbiota Features in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ACETIVIBRIO THERMOCELLUS
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Salonen2014 - Impact of diet and individual variation on intestinal microbiota composition and fermentation products in obese men.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ACETIVIBRIO THERMOCELLUS
  • Tindall2019 - The names Hungateiclostridium Zhang et al. 2018, Hungateiclostridium thermocellum (Viljoen et al. 1926) Zhang et al. 2018, Hungateiclostridium cellulolyticum (Patel et al. 1980) Zhang et al. 2018, Hungateiclostridium aldrichii (Yang et al. 1990) Zhang et al. 2018, Hungateiclostridium alkalicellulosi (Zhilina et al. 2006) Zhang et al. 2018, Hungateiclostridium clariflavum (Shiratori et al. 2009) Zhang et al. 2018, Hungateiclostridium straminisolvens (Kato et al. 2004) Zhang et al. 2018 and Hungateiclostridium saccincola (Koeck et al. 2016) Zhang et al. 2018 contravene Rule 51b of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes and require replacement names in the genus Acetivibrio Patel et al. 1980
    • Added: October 20, 2021