Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

(aka Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, (aka Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, coccus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 43%. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Pohl1983; Olsen2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and pneumonic lesions of swine. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: animal pathogen). It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Pohl1983); (Olsen2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; mannose; xylose; maltose; sucrose; mannitol;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • lactose; raffinose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; β-galactosidase; urease;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • catalase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Pohl1983); (Olsen2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • ✓
  • Haemolysis:
  • present
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Pohl1983);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • benzylpenicillin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Pasteurellales Family:  Pasteurellaceae Genus:  Actinobacillus Alt. name:  Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and pneumonic lesions of swine
    DNA G+C(%):  43
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  w Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Sorbose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  d Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  d Catalase:  d Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg LeuAA:  vr AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    benzyl-pen:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ACTINOBACILLUS PLEUROPNEUMONIAE
  • Pohl1983 - Transfer of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae and the Pasteurella haemolytica-Like Organism Causing Porcine Necrotic Pleuropneumonia to the Genus Actinobacillus (Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae comb. nov.) on the Basis of Phenotypic and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness.
  • Olsen2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Pasteurellaceae, Genus II. Actinobacillus
  • Lv2016 - Alterations and correlations of the gut microbiome, metabolism and immunity in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ACTINOBACILLUS PLEUROPNEUMONIAE
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021