Actinomyces georgiae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Actinomyces georgiae is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, diplobacilli bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 65-69%. Actinomyces georgiae is unlikely to be a gut coloniser. (Johnson1990; Hansen2009)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and human gingival crevices. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Johnson1990); (Hansen2009);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • milk; starch;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; ribose; xylose; starch; lactose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • arabinose; mannose; inositol; mannitol;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Johnson1990); (Hansen2009);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate; succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • Haemolysis:
  • gamma > alpha
  • ±
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced by few strains
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Hansen2009);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • imipenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; kanamycin; neomycin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Actinomycetales Family:  Actinomycetaceae Genus:  Actinomyces Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diplobacilli
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and human gingival crevices
    DNA G+C(%):  65-69
    Opt. T:  37℃
    		Aesculin:  d(+) Gelatin:  vr Starch:  d(neg) Milk:  curdle Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  d(neg) Fructose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  d(neg) Rhamnose:  w Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  w Starch:  + Erythritol:  neg Inositol:  d(neg) Mannitol:  d(neg) Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  + Succinate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  Sens
    piper-taz:  Sens
    imipenem:  Sens
    amikacin:  Res
    kanamycin:  Res
    neomycin:  Res
    tobramycin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    chloramphenicol:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ACTINOMYCES GEORGIAE
  • Gajdacs2020 - The Pathogenic Role of Actinomyces spp. and Related Organisms in Genitourinary Infections: Discoveries in the New, Modern Diagnostic Era.
  • Johnson1990 - Actinomyces georgiae sp. nov., Actinomyces gerencseriae sp. nov., Designation of Two Genospecies of Actinomyces naeslundii, and Inclusion of A. naeslundii serotypes II and III and Actinomyces viscosus serotype II in A. naeslundii Genospecies 2.
  • Hansen2009 - Actinomyces species: A danish survey on human infections and microbiological characteristics.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ACTINOMYCES GEORGIAE
  • Lagier2012b - Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ACTINOMYCES GEORGIAE
  • Valour2014 - Actinomycosis: etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management.
    • Added: April 08, 2021