Actinomyces oris

(aka Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 2)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Actinomyces oris, (aka Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 2), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 66%. Actinomyces oris is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Henssge2009; Johnson1990)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (blood, sputum, oral plaque - CCUG). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Henssge2009); (Johnson1990);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; maltose; sucrose; inositol;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • ribose; glycogen; lactose; trehalose; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase; arabinosidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu arylamidase; Phe arylamidase; Pro arylamidase; Tyr arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Johnson1990);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate; succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • imipenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; kanamycin; neomycin; tobramycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Actinomycetales Family:  Actinomycetaceae Genus:  Actinomyces Alt. name:  Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 2 Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (blood, sputum, oral plaque - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  66
    		Aesculin:  d(neg) Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Ribose:  d(neg) D-Tagatose:  vr Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  d Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  d Dextrin:  vr Glycogen:  d D-Arabitol:  neg Inositol:  + Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  d(neg)
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  vr Urease:  neg G6PDH6PGDH:  neg α-Arab:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg AlaPheProAA:  + GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  vr ProAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  + PyrogluAA:  neg TyrAA:  + AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  + Succinate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  Sens
    piper-taz:  Sens
    imipenem:  Sens
    amikacin:  Res
    kanamycin:  Res
    neomycin:  Res
    tobramycin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ACTINOMYCES ORIS
  • Gajdacs2020 - The Pathogenic Role of Actinomyces spp. and Related Organisms in Genitourinary Infections: Discoveries in the New, Modern Diagnostic Era.
  • Henssge2009 - Emended description of Actinomyces naeslundii and descriptions of Actinomyces oris sp. nov. and Actinomyces johnsonii sp. nov., previously identified as Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1, 2 and WVA 963.
  • Johnson1990 - Actinomyces georgiae sp. nov., Actinomyces gerencseriae sp. nov., Designation of Two Genospecies of Actinomyces naeslundii, and Inclusion of A. naeslundii serotypes II and III and Actinomyces viscosus serotype II in A. naeslundii Genospecies 2.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ACTINOMYCES ORIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021