Actinomyces urogenitalis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Actinomyces urogenitalis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 61%. Actinomyces urogenitalis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Nikolaitchouk2000; Hansen2009)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (cervix, vagina, urine, abscess - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Nikolaitchouk2000); (Hansen2009);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; mannose; xylose; lactose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Gly arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase; pyroGlu arylamidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase; Val arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Nikolaitchouk2000); (Hansen2009);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate; succinate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Barberis2017); (Hoecke2013); (Hansen2009);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; ampicillin; imipenem; meropenem; penicillin; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Quinolines:
  • moxifloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; kanamycin; neomycin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • co-trimoxazole;
  • fosfomycin; metronidazole; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Actinomycetales Family:  Actinomycetaceae Genus:  Actinomyces Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (cervix, vagina, urine, abscess - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  61
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  vr Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  vr Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  vr β-Mannosidase:  vr ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  + CystineAA:  vr GluGluAA:  neg GlyTrpAA:  neg GlyAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  + PyrogluAA:  + ValAA:  + AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  + Succinate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  Sens
    ampicillin:  S(0.5)
    penicillin:  S(1)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (<0.063-0.5)
    piper-taz:  S(0.5)
    imipenem:  Sens
    meropenem:  S(0.008)
    cefoxitin:  Sens
    amikacin:  Res
    kanamycin:  Res
    neomycin:  Res
    tobramycin:  Res
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.0.063, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.063-1)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25-2)
    ciprofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (2->32)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 4, RNG: (1-16)
    moxifloxacin:  S(1.5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.25-16)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125-1)
    fosfomycin:  Res
    metronidazole:  R(>256)
    SXT:  Res
    co-trimoxazole:  S(0.5)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25-8)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ACTINOMYCES UROGENITALIS
  • Barberis2017 - Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Actinomyces and related genera reveals an unusual clindamycin resistance among Actinomyces urogenitalis strains.
  • Gajdacs2020 - The Pathogenic Role of Actinomyces spp. and Related Organisms in Genitourinary Infections: Discoveries in the New, Modern Diagnostic Era.
  • Hoecke2013 - Actinomyces urogenitalis Bacteremia and Tubo-Ovarian Abscess after an In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Procedure.
  • Nikolaitchouk2000 - Characterization of Actinomyces isolates from samples from the human urogenital tract: description of Actinomyces urogenitalis sp. nov.
  • Hansen2009 - Actinomyces species: A danish survey on human infections and microbiological characteristics.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ACTINOMYCES UROGENITALIS
  • Favier2002 - Molecular monitoring of succession of bacterial communities in human neonates.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021