Aeromonas hydrophila

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Aeromonas hydrophila is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 58-62%. Aeromonas hydrophila is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Huys2002; Igbinosa2012; Pitarangsi1982; Popoff1976; MartinCarnahan2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG, Pitarangsi1982), clinical sources (wound, blood - CCUG), fresh and marine waters and animals. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). Is a known human pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Borderline cold mesophile, with optimum growth temp of 28C. Unlikely gut coloniser. Can reduce Fe(III) with glycerol as a donor.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Huys2002); (Igbinosa2012); (Popoff1976); (MartinCarnahan2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 28℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; glucose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; mannitol; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • D-arabinose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; arbutin; glycerol; mannitol; salicin; sucrose; alanine; serine; DL-lactate; putrescine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; catalase; β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase; lipase; lycine decarboxylase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Huys2002); (Igbinosa2012); (Popoff1976); (MartinCarnahan2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • KCN growth:
  • growth observed
  • Haemolysis:
  • beta
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Igbinosa2012); (MartinCarnahan2005Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • aztreonam; imipenem;
  • ampicillin; carbenicillin; piperacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefepime; cefixime; cefotaxime; ceftazidime; cefuroxime;
  • cephalothin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • levofloxacin; ofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • co-trimoxazole;

  • Pitarangsi, C., Echeverria, P., Whitmire, R., Tirapat, C., Formal, S., Dammin, G. J., & Tingtalapong, M. (1982). Enteropathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides: prevalence among individuals with and without diarrhea in Thailand. Infection and Immunity, 35(2), 666–673.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Aeromonadales Family:  Aeromonadaceae Genus:  Aeromonas Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG, Pitarangsi1982), clinical sources (wound, blood - CCUG), fresh and marine waters and animals
    DNA G+C(%):  58-62
    Opt. T:  28℃
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  d L-Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Arbutin:  + Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Salicin:  + Ala:  + β-Ala:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  neg Ser:  + Citrate:  neg DL-Lactate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  vr α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  vr β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  + LysDC:  + OrnDC:  neg TrpAA:  neg Lipase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  + Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Res
    aztreonam:  Sens
    carbenicil:  R(30; disc)
    piperacillin:  Res
    imipenem:  Sens
    cefepime:  Sens
    cefixime:  Sens
    cefotaxime:  Sens
    ceftazidime:  Sens
    cefuroxime:  Sens
    cephalothin:  R(30; disc)
    amikacin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    tobramycin:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  Sens
    ofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    minocycline:  Sens
    tetracycline:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    co-trimoxazole:  Res
    colistin:  Var(MIC50): 4; disc), MIC90: Var(4; disc

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA
  • Huys2002 - Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. dhakensis subsp. nov., isolated from children with diarrhoea in Bangladesh, and extended description of Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila (Chester 1901) Stanier 1943 (Approved Lists 1980).
  • Igbinosa2012 - Emerging Aeromonas Species Infections and Their Significance in Public Health.
  • Pitarangsi1982 - Enteropathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides: prevalence among individuals with and without diarrhea in Thailand.
  • Popoff1976 - A Taxonomic Study of the Aeromonas hydrophila-Aeromonas punctata Group.
  • MartinCarnahan2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Gammaproteobacteria Part B. Family Aeromonadaceae, Genus I. Aeromonas
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA
  • Igbinosa2012 - Emerging Aeromonas Species Infections and Their Significance in Public Health.
  • BeazHidalgo2013 - Reclassification of Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. dhakensis Huys et al. 2002 and Aeromonas aquariorum Martinez-Murcia et al. 2008 as Aeromonas dhakensis sp. nov. comb nov. and emendation of the species Aeromonas hydrophila.
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021