Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis

(aka Bordetella avium)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis, (aka Bordetella avium), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. The DNA G+C content is 56-59%. Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Jackwood1985; Busse2005aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG), soil, water and clinical sources. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). Is a known human pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Jackwood1985); (Busse2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 7% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 42℃; Grows optimally at 20-37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • alanine; D-alanine; aspartate; glutamate; histidine; isoleucine; leucine; norleucine; ornithine; phenylalanine; proline; serine; tryptophan; acetate; benzoate; butyrate; caprate; citrate; fumarate; glycolate; 3-hydroxybutyrate; DL-lactate; L-malate; malonate; phenylacetate; propionate; succinate; glutamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • cysteine; glycine; DL-kynurenine; lysine; methionine; threonine; tryptamine; tyrosine; valine; aconitate; caproate; caprylate; citraconate; glutarate; glycerate; heptanoate; isobutyrate; isovalerate; 2-ketoglutarate; maleate; L-mandelate; nonanoate; pyruvate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; Leu arylamidase; lipase; oxidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Jackwood1985); (Busse2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Burkholderiales Family:  Alcaligenaceae Genus:  Alcaligenes Alt. name:  Bordetella avium Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG), soil, water and clinical sources
    DNA G+C(%):  56-59
    Opt. T:  20-37℃
    High T(℃):  42(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  vr 5-Ketogluconate:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Fucose:  neg Glucose:  neg D-Lyxose:  neg Mannose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Ethanolamine:  neg Glycerol:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Ala:  + D-Ala:  + β-Ala:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  neg 5-Aminovalerate:  neg Asp:  + Betaine:  neg L-Citrulline:  neg Cys:  d Glu:  + Gly:  d Histamine:  neg His:  + Ile:  + DL-Kynurenine:  d Leu:  + Lys:  d Met:  d Norleucine:  + Orn:  + Phe:  + Pro:  + Sarcosine:  neg Ser:  + Thr:  d Tryptamine:  d Trp:  + Tyr:  d Val:  d Acetate:  + Aconitate:  d Adipate:  neg Azelate:  neg Benzoate:  + Butyrate:  + Caprate:  + Caproate:  d Caprylate:  d Citraconate:  d Citrate:  + Fumarate:  + Glutarate:  d Glycerate:  d Glycolate:  + Heptanoate:  d 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Isobutyrate:  d Isovalerate:  d Itaconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg DL-Lactate:  + Malate:  neg L-Malate:  + Maleate:  d Malonate:  + L-Mandelate:  d Mesaconate:  neg Nonanoate:  d Phenylacetate:  + Pimelate:  neg Propionate:  + Pyruvate:  d Sebacate:  neg Suberate:  neg Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  vr Lipase:  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ALCALIGENES FAECALIS SUBSP. FAECALIS
  • Jackwood1985 - Further characterization of the agent causing coryza in turkeys.
  • Busse2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Alcaligenaceae, Genus II. Alcaligenes
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ALCALIGENES FAECALIS SUBSP. FAECALIS
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: July 12, 2021