Aliarcobacter butzleri

(aka Campylobacter butzleri)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Aliarcobacter butzleri, (aka Campylobacter butzleri), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, microaerophilic, motile, rod-shaped - curved bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 28-31%. Aliarcobacter butzleri is probably a rare gut coloniser. (VanDamme2005aBergey; Kiehlbauch1991)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG), clinical sources (diarrhoea), animals and water sources. Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (VanDamme2005aBergey); (Kiehlbauch1991);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • strain-variable at 3.5(d)%;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 15℃; grows at 40℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glucose; glycine; succinate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; γ-Glu transferase; ornithine decarboxylase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (VanDamme2005aBergey); (Kiehlbauch1991);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • Pigments:
  • variable
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (VanDamme2005aBergey); (Kiehlbauch1991);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; piperacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefazolin; cefoperazone; cefotaxime; cefuroxime; cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin; roxithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; enoxacin; norfloxacin; ofloxacin;
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • chloramphenicol; trimethoprim;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin; polymyxin B;
  • clindamycin; novobiocin;

  • Arcobacter butzleri is thought to be an underestimated enteropathogen.

  • Engberg, J., On, S. L., Harrington, C. S., & Gerner-Smidt, P. (2000). Prevalence of Campylobacter, Arcobacter, Helicobacter, and Sutterella spp. in human fecal samples as estimated by a reevaluation of isolation methods for Campylobacters. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 38(1), 286–291.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Epsilonproteobacteria Order:  Campylobacterales Family:  Arcobacteraceae Genus:  Aliarcobacter Alt. name:  Campylobacter butzleri Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  microaerophilic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod - curved Pigment:  variable
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG), clinical sources (diarrhoea), animals and water sources
    DNA G+C(%):  28-31
    Low T(℃):  15(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  3.5(d)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg DNA:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  neg Glucose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glucose:  + Gly:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  d(neg) Urease:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  + OrnDC:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + DNAse:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  variable
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(>32)
    amp-sulb:  R(16/32)
    piperacillin:  R(75)
    cefazolin:  R(15; disc)
    cefoperazone:  R(>32)
    cefotaxime:  R(32)
    cefuroxime:  R(>32)
    cephalothin:  R(>32)
    amikacin:  S(1.0)
    gentamicin:  S(0.25)
    azithromycin:  R(16)
    erythromycin:  R(8)
    roxithromycin:  R(16)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(≤0.03)
    enoxacin:  S(0.05)
    nalidixic-acid:  R(>32)
    norfloxacin:  S(0.5)
    ofloxacin:  S(0.5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(0.5)
    minocycline:  S(0.25)
    tetracycline:  S(0.25)
    vancomycin:  R(10; disc)
    bacitracin:  R(25U)
    rifampicin:  S(10; disc)
    chloramphenicol:  R(>32)
    metronidazole:  S(4; disc)
    trimethoprim:  R(50)
    SXT:  Sens
    clindamycin:  R(>8)
    novobiocin:  R(15; disc)
    colistin:  S(10U)
    polymyxin_B:  S(5U)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ALIARCOBACTER BUTZLERI
  • VanDamme2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Campylobacteraceae, Genus II. Arcobacter
  • Kiehlbauch1991 - Campylobacter butzleri sp. nov. isolated from humans and animals with diarrheal illness.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ALIARCOBACTER BUTZLERI
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ALIARCOBACTER BUTZLERI
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021