Aliarcobacter cryaerophilus

(aka Campylobacter cryaerophila)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Aliarcobacter cryaerophilus, (aka Campylobacter cryaerophila), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, microaerophilic, motile, rod-shaped - curved bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 31%. Aliarcobacter cryaerophilus is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Neill1985)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and animals. Could be a possible pathogen in humans, but unknown at this stage. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Neill1985);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 2% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 15℃; grows at 30℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • mannose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; Leu arylamidase; oxidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Neill1985);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • KCN growth:
  • inhibited
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Neill1985);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; carbenicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • kanamycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;

  • Arcobacter cryaerophilus is thought to be an underestimated enteropathogen.

  • Engberg, J., On, S. L., Harrington, C. S., & Gerner-Smidt, P. (2000). Prevalence of Campylobacter, Arcobacter, Helicobacter, and Sutterella spp. in human fecal samples as estimated by a reevaluation of isolation methods for Campylobacters. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 38(1), 286–291.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Epsilonproteobacteria Order:  Campylobacterales Family:  Arcobacteraceae Genus:  Aliarcobacter Alt. name:  Campylobacter cryaerophila Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  microaerophilic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod - curved
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and animals
    DNA G+C(%):  31
    Low T(℃):  15(+)
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg DNA:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg Mannose:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Gluconate:  neg Citrate:  neg Malonate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg ArgDC:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  neg GluDC:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  d DNAse:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(18)
    carbenicil:  R(64)
    penicillin_G:  R(1U)
    cephalothin:  Res
    kanamycin:  R(2)
    streptomycin:  S(12)
    nalidixic-acid:  R(5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    chloramphenicol:  R(4)
    metronidazole:  R(8)
    polymyxin_B:  R(2)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ALIARCOBACTER CRYAEROPHILUS
  • Neill1985 - Taxonomic Position of Campylobacter cryaerophila sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ALIARCOBACTER CRYAEROPHILUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021