Alistipes shahii

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Alistipes shahii is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 23 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 57.6%. Alistipes shahii is often a widespread coloniser of gut. (Song2006; Kononen2010Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical specimens (appendix, urine). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Song2006); (Kononen2010Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Resistant to 20% bile
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • mannose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glucose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • chymotrypsin; fucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Song2006); (Kononen2010Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • succinate; indole;
  • Haemolysis:
  • beta (weak)
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Pigments:
  • produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Kononen2010Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • kanamycin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;
  • NOTES

    This is a common inhabitant of the human gut.

    Fuel sources used:
    It can use fibre, simple sugars (including lactose) and protein for energy.

    Metabolites produced:
    Our genomic analysis indicates that most members of this species can produce the following metabolites: acetate, B-glucuronidase, BCAAs, butyrate, GABA, lactate, LPS, propionate, succinate, folate, riboflavin.

    Metabolites consumed:
    In addition, our genomic analysis indicates that most members of this species do not consume any reported metabolites.

    Emerging research:
    This species appears to have mostly beneficial effects. It has been associated with beneficial markers of cardiac health (low triglycerides, high beneficial cholesterol HDL levels), and was observed as depleted in patients with atherosclerotic heart disease. Additionally, a study in mice showed this species may improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, this species was also observed at elevated levels in patients with Parkinson's Disease.

  • References: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

  • Information on pathogenicity and effects on gut not found. [PMID: 16902041]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    From human specimens of intestinal origin. The habitat is probably the human gut [PMID: 16902041]

  • Song, Yuli, Könönen, E., Rautio, M., Liu, C., Bryk, A., Eerola, E., & Finegold, S. M. (2006). Alistipes onderdonkii sp. nov. and Alistipes shahii sp. nov., of human origin. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 56(Pt 8), 1985–1990.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Rikenellaceae Genus:  Alistipes Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  +
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces and clinical specimens (appendix, urine)
    DNA G+C(%):  57.6
    Bile reaction(%):  20(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Arginine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Mannose:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Glucose:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  d α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  d GluDC:  neg Trypsin:  neg ValAP:  neg AlanineAA:  + CystineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  vr GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  w EstLip(C8):  w Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Fibre, Simple Sugars, Lactose, Protein

    None/Unknown

    Branched-Chain AA, Folate, Riboflavin, Acetate, Lactate, Butyrate, Succinate, GABA

    Beta-glucuronidase, LPS Antigen

    		 Succinate:  + Indole:  + Pigment:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    kanamycin:  R(1000; disc)
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  R(5; disc)
    colistin:  R(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ALISTIPES SHAHII
  • Parker2020 - The Genus Alistipes: Gut Bacteria With Emerging Implications to Inflammation, Cancer, and Mental Health.
  • Song2006 - Alistipes onderdonkii sp. nov. and Alistipes shahii sp. nov., of human origin.
  • Kononen2010Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Bacteroidetes. Family Rikenellaceae, Genus II. Alistipes
  • Bedarf2017 - Functional implications of microbial and viral gut metagenome changes in early stage L-DOPA-naïve Parkinson's disease patients
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • DeAngelis2013 - Fecal microbiota and metabolome of children with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Luo2018 - Gut Microbiota in Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and a Mouse Model of Lupus
  • Malham2019 - The microbiome reflects diagnosis and predicts disease severity in paediatric onset inflammatory bowel disease
  • Shi2019 - Alterations in the intestinal microbiota of patients with severe and active Graves' orbitopathy: a cross-sectional study
  • Tang2018 - 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals altered composition of gut microbiota in individuals with kidney stones
  • Vatanen2018 - The human gut microbiome in early-onset type 1 diabetes from the TEDDY study
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Zhang2019a - Fecal microbiota in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Correlation with dietary factors and disease activity
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ALISTIPES SHAHII
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Chung2019 - Impact of carbohydrate substrate complexity on the diversity of the human colonic microbiota.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Karlsson2013 - Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Wang2018 - A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults
  • Wang2018a - Morphine induces changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in a morphine dependence model.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ALISTIPES SHAHII
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: February 08, 2021