Anaerococcus hydrogenalis

(aka Peptostreptococcus hydrogenalis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Anaerococcus hydrogenalis, (aka Peptostreptococcus hydrogenalis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, diplococci bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 31%. Anaerococcus hydrogenalis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Ezaki2001; Ezaki2011cBergey; Ezaki1990; Murdoch1998)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (vaginal discharges, ovarian abscesses and atherosclerotic plaques). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ezaki2001); (Ezaki2011cBergey); (Ezaki1990); (Murdoch1998);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • hippurate;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; mannose; lactose; raffinose; sucrose; mannitol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Ezaki2001); (Ezaki2011cBergey); (Ezaki1990); (Murdoch1998);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; propionate; butyrate (major); lactate; Hâ‚‚ (major); indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • NOTES

    Anaerococcus hydrogenalis was isolated from human feces.

  • Ezaki, T., Liu, S. L., Hashimoto, Y., & Yabuuchi, E. (1990). Peptostreptococcus hydrogenalis sp. nov. from human fecal and vaginal flora. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 40(3), 305–306.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Tissierellia Order:  Tissierellales Family:  Peptoniphilaceae Genus:  Anaerococcus Alt. name:  Peptostreptococcus hydrogenalis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diplococci
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (vaginal discharges, ovarian abscesses and atherosclerotic plaques)
    DNA G+C(%):  31
    Opt. T:  37℃
    		Urea:  neg Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  d(neg) Urease:  neg Coagulase:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg AlaPheProAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  + PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Propionate:  + Butyrate:  Major(+) Lactate:  + H2:  Major(+) Indole:  +

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ANAEROCOCCUS HYDROGENALIS
  • Ezaki2001 - Proposal of the genera Anaerococcus gen. nov., Peptoniphilus gen. nov. and Gallicola gen. nov. for members of the genus Peptostreptococcus.
  • Ezaki2011cBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Incertae Sedis, Genus I. Anaerococcus
  • SelberHnatiw2020 - Metabolic networks of the human gut microbiota.
  • Ezaki1990 - Peptostreptococcus hydrogenalis sp. nov. from Human Fecal and Vaginal Flora.
  • Murdoch1998 - Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ANAEROCOCCUS HYDROGENALIS
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ANAEROCOCCUS HYDROGENALIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021