Anaerococcus vaginalis

(aka Peptostreptococcus vaginalis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Anaerococcus vaginalis, (aka Peptostreptococcus vaginalis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, streptococci bacterium. It has been detected in at least 11 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 30-34%. Anaerococcus vaginalis is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Ezaki2001; Murdoch1998; Ezaki2011cBergey; Li1992)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, vaginal discharges and ovarian abscesses. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ezaki2001); (Murdoch1998); (Ezaki2011cBergey); (Li1992);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; mannose; maltose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; Arg arylamidase; arginine dihydrolase; His arylamidase; Leu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Ezaki2001); (Murdoch1998); (Ezaki2011cBergey); (Li1992);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate (major); lactate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2013); (Tyrrell2012); (Goldstein2008); (Goldstein2006a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; doripenem; ertapenem; imipenem; meropenem; penicillin; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefepime; cefotaxime; cefotetan; cefoxitin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • moxifloxacin;
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • daptomycin; linezolid;
  • NOTES

    Anaerococcus vaginalis was isolated from a human ovarian abscess.

  • Mangin, I., Bonnet, R., Seksik, P., Rigottier-Gois, L., Sutren, M., Bouhnik, Y., Neut, C., Collins, M. D., Colombel, J.-F., Marteau, P., & Doré, J. (2004). Molecular inventory of faecal microflora in patients with Crohn’s disease. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 50(1), 25–36.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Tissierellia Order:  Tissierellales Family:  Peptoniphilaceae Genus:  Anaerococcus Alt. name:  Peptostreptococcus vaginalis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Streptococci
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, vaginal discharges and ovarian abscesses
    DNA G+C(%):  30-34
    Opt. T:  37℃
    		Urea:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Ribose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Sucrose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  w Urease:  neg Coagulase:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  + GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  vr ArgAA:  + GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  vr HisAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  Major(+) Lactate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  SensRNG: (0.015-0.06)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–>8)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    penicillin:  Sens
    penicillin_G:  SensRNG: (0.03-0.06)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.015–0.25)
    doripenem:  S(MIC50): 0.015, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.015–0.5)
    ertapenem:  S(0.06/0.25)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.015–0.25)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.015–0.25)
    cefepime:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25–8)
    cefotaxime:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06–2)
    cefotetan:  Sens
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–8)
    ceftazidime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.25–32)
    erythromycin:  Var
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.5–2)
    ciprofloxacin:  R(>32)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.125->32)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06–16)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  Res
    tetracycline:  Var
    tigecycline:  Var
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06–1)
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25–2)
    clindamycin:  Var(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 64, RNG: (0.03->64)
    daptomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–1)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ANAEROCOCCUS VAGINALIS
  • Ezaki2001 - Proposal of the genera Anaerococcus gen. nov., Peptoniphilus gen. nov. and Gallicola gen. nov. for members of the genus Peptostreptococcus.
  • Murdoch1998 - Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci.
  • Ezaki2011cBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Incertae Sedis, Genus I. Anaerococcus
  • Goldstein2013 - In vitro activity of Biapenem plus RPX7009, a carbapenem combined with a serine β-lactamase inhibitor, against anaerobic bacteria.
  • Tyrrell2012 - In vitro activity of TD-1792, a multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic, against 377 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 34 strains of Corynebacterium species.
  • Goldstein2008 - In vitro activities of doripenem and six comparator drugs against 423 aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates from infected diabetic foot wounds.
  • Goldstein2006a - In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from diabetic foot infections.
  • Li1992 - Three New Species of the Genus Peptostreptococcus Isolated from Humans: Peptostreptococcus vaginalis sp. nov., Peptostreptococcus lacrimalis sp. nov., and Peptostreptococcus lactolyticus sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ANAEROCOCCUS VAGINALIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Mangin2004 - Molecular inventory of faecal microflora in patients with Crohn's disease.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ANAEROCOCCUS VAGINALIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021