Anaerocolumna aminovalerica

(aka Clostridium aminovalericum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Anaerocolumna aminovalerica, (aka Clostridium aminovalericum), is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 33%. Anaerocolumna aminovalerica is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Ueki2016; Hardman1960; Rainey2011gBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, calf rumen, sewage sludge, urine and animal faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Ueki2016); (Hardman1960); (Rainey2011gBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; hippurate; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 25℃; doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • arabinose; maltose; ribose; starch; sucrose; trehalose; xylose; δ-aminovalerate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • DNase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Ueki2016); (Hardman1960); (Rainey2011gBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (major); ethanol; Hâ‚‚;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • propionate; valerate; indole;
  • Haemolysis:
  • present but weak
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2014); (Goldstein2013); (Goldstein2008); (Goldstein2006a); (Citron2003);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; doripenem; ertapenem; imipenem; meropenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Macrolides:
  • fidaxomicin; quinupristin-dalfopristin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; daptomycin; linezolid;

  • Finegold, S. M., Howard, R. A., & Vera, L. S. (1974). Effect of diet on human intestinal fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets. Am. J. Clin. Nutr, 27, 1456–1469.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Anaerocolumna Alt. name:  Clostridium aminovalericum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, calf rumen, sewage sludge, urine and animal faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  33
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Lower T(℃):  25(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Starch:  + Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Starch:  neg Pectin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Cellulose:  w Pectin:  neg Starch:  + Xylan:  neg 5-Aminovalerate:  + Pyruvate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    DNAse:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  Major(+) Propionate:  neg Valerate:  neg Ethanol:  + H2:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  S(≤0.06/0.5)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.03–>128)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.03–0.5)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.03->32)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.03-2)
    doripenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.015–1)
    ertapenem:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.015–8)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.03-1)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.015–2)
    cefepime:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 64, RNG: (0.03–128)
    cefotaxime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.06–>128)
    cefoxitin:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25–8)
    ceftazidime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.06–>128)
    fidaxomicin:  S(2)
    quin-dalf:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.125-8)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25–4)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.125–16)
    moxifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.5–>32)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    teicoplanin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.06–8)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.06-8)
    bacitracin:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 128, RNG: (0.5–>128)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25–2)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03–8)
    daptomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.03-2)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ANAEROCOLUMNA AMINOVALERICA
  • Ueki2016 - Descriptions of Anaerotaenia torta gen. nov., sp. nov. and Anaerocolumna cellulosilytica gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from a methanogenic reactor of cattle waste and reclassification of Clostridium aminovalericum, Clostridium jejuense and Clostridium xylanovorans as Anaerocolumna species.
  • Goldstein2014 - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against 162 strains from 35 less frequently recovered intestinal Clostridium species: implications for Clostridium difficile recurrence.
  • Goldstein2013 - In vitro activity of Biapenem plus RPX7009, a carbapenem combined with a serine β-lactamase inhibitor, against anaerobic bacteria.
  • Goldstein2008 - In vitro activities of doripenem and six comparator drugs against 423 aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates from infected diabetic foot wounds.
  • Goldstein2006a - In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from diabetic foot infections.
  • Citron2003 - In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria.
  • Hardman1960 - Metabolism of omega-acids. II. Fermentation of delta-aminovaleric acid by Clostridium aminovalericum n. sp.
  • Rainey2011gBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster XIVa
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ANAEROCOLUMNA AMINOVALERICA
  • Benno1989 - Comparison of fecal microflora of elderly persons in rural and urban areas of Japan.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Finegold1974 - Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ANAEROCOLUMNA AMINOVALERICA
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021