Anaerostipes hadrus

(aka Eubacterium hadrum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Anaerostipes hadrus, (aka Eubacterium hadrum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 21 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 32-33%. Anaerostipes hadrus is a common gut coloniser. (AllenVercoe2012; Moore1976)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (AllenVercoe2012); (Moore1976);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin; milk;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Resistant to 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows weakly at 30℃; Grows optimally at 37-45℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; sorbose; inulin; lactose; maltose; sucrose; mannitol; sorbitol; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • arabinose; cellubiose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • fucose; glucose; mannose; sucrose; xylose; acetate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • β-galactosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (AllenVercoe2012); (Moore1976);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate; acetate (minor); butyrate; lactate (minor); succinate (trace); pyruvate (trace); H₂; indole (weak);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • ammonia;
  • Haemolysis:
  • present but weak
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
  • NOTES

    Formerly known as Eubacterium hadrum. This is a common inhabitant of the human gut.

    Fuel sources used:
    It can use acetate, lactate and limited types of simple sugars for energy.

    Metabolites produced:
    Our genomic analysis indicates that most members of this species can produce the following metabolites: acetate, BCAAs, butyrate, lactate, propionate, folate, biotin, riboflavin.

    Metabolites consumed:
    In addition, our genomic analysis indicates that most members of this species can consume the following metabolites: oxalate.

     

  • References: [1] [2]

    Allen-Vercoe E, Daigneault M, White A, Panaccione R, Duncan SH, Flint HJ, O'Neal L, Lawson PA. Anaerostipes hadrus comb. nov., a dominant species within the human colonic microbiota; reclassification of Eubacterium hadrum Moore et al. 1976. Anaerobe. 2012 Oct;18(5):523-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.09.002. Epub 2012 Sep 11. PMID: 22982042.
     

  • Butyrate-producing bacteria (BPB) are potential probiotic candidates for inflammatory bowel diseases as they are often depleted in the diseased gut microbiota. However, here we found that augmentation of a human-derived butyrate-producing strain, Anaerostipes hadrus BPB5, significantly aggravated colitis in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-treated mice while exerted no detrimental effect in healthy mice. We explored how the interaction between BPB5 and gut microbiota may contribute to this differential impact on the hosts. Butyrate production and severity of colitis were assessed in both healthy and DSS-treated mice, and gut microbiota structural changes were analysed using high-throughput sequencing. BPB5-inoculated healthy mice showed no signs of colitis, but increased butyrate content in the gut. In DSS-treated mice, BPB5 augmentation did not increase butyrate content, but induced significantly more severe disease activity index and much higher mortality. BPB5 didn’t induce significant changes of gut microbiota in healthy hosts, but expedited the structural shifts 3 days earlier toward the disease phase in BPB5-augmented than DSS-treated animals. The differential response of gut microbiota in healthy and DSS-treated mice to the same potentially beneficial bacterium with drastically different health consequences suggest that animals with dysbiotic gut microbiota should also be employed for the safety assessment of probiotic candidates.

    https://doi.org/10.1038/srep27572

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Anaerostipes hadrus PEL 85, which was isolated from human feces, is a Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium. [PMID: 25838483]

  • Moore, W. E. C., Johnson, J. L., & Holdeman, L. V. (1976). Emendation of Bacteroidaceae and Butyrivibrio and descriptions of Desulfomonas gen. Nov. And ten new species in the genera Desulfomonas, Butyrivibrio, Eubacterium, Clostridium, and Ruminococcus. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 26(2), 238–252.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Lachnospiraceae Genus:  Anaerostipes Alt. name:  Eubacterium hadrum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  32-33
    Opt. T:  37-45℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(w)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(+)
    		Aesculin:  d Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Milk:  curdle Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  d(neg) L-Arabinose:  d(+) Fructose:  w(+) Galactose:  + Glucose:  w(+) Mannose:  w(+) Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  d(+) Xylose:  w Cellubiose:  d(w) Lactose:  d(+) Maltose:  d(+) Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  w(+) Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  + Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  d(+) Sorbitol:  d(+) Salicin:  d(+)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fucose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Maltose:  vr Melezitose:  w Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  w Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Sorbitol:  vr Acetate:  + Lactate:  w
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Galactosidase:  vr β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  vr AlkalineP:  w AcidP:  w
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Simple Sugars, Acetate, Lactate

    Acetate, Lactate, Oxalate

    Branched-Chain AA, Folate, Biotin, Riboflavin, Acetate, Lactate, Propionate, Butyrate

    		Formate:  + Acetate:  minor(+) Butyrate:  + Lactate:  minor(+) Succinate:  trace(+) Pyruvate:  trace(+) Ammonia:  neg H2:  + Indole:  w

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ANAEROSTIPES HADRUS
  • AllenVercoe2012 - Anaerostipes hadrus comb. nov., a dominant species within the human colonic microbiota: reclassification of Eubacterium hadrum Moore et al. 1976.
  • Moore1976 - Emendation of Bacteroidaceae and Butyrivibrio and Descriptions of Desulfomonas gen. nov. and Ten New Species in the Genera Desulfomonas, Butyrivibrio, Eubacterium, Clostridium, and Ruminococcus.
  • Schwiertz2000 - Quantification of Different Eubacterium spp. in Human Fecal Samples with Species-Specific 16S rRNA-Targeted Oligonucleotide Probes.
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Coretti2018 - Gut Microbiota Features in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
  • Hayden2020 - Fecal dysbiosis in infants with cystic fibrosis is associated with early linear growth failure
  • Iwasawa2016 - Characterisation of the faecal microbiota in Japanese patients with paediatric-onset primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • MayaLucas2019 - The gut microbiome of Mexican children affected by obesity
  • Miyake2015 - Dysbiosis in the Gut Microbiota of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, with a Striking Depletion of Species Belonging to Clostridia XIVa and IV Clusters
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ANAEROSTIPES HADRUS
  • Browne2016 - Culturing of 'unculturable' human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Chung2016 - Modulation of the human gut microbiota by dietary fibres occurs at the species level.
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Frank2007 - Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ANAEROSTIPES HADRUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: February 08, 2021