Anaerotignum lactatifermentans

(aka Clostridium lactatifermentans)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Anaerotignum lactatifermentans, (aka Clostridium lactatifermentans), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 8 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 44.6%. Anaerotignum lactatifermentans is a common gut coloniser. (vanderWielen2002; Ueki2017; Rainey2011hBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and caeca of a chicken. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 95% of Europeans (unseenbio.com).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (vanderWielen2002); (Ueki2017); (Rainey2011hBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.6; tolerates pH 8.3; Grows optimally at pH 6.4-7.3.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 15℃; grows at 47℃; Grows optimally at 41℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • xylose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • glucose; xylose; alanine; cysteine; serine; threonine; DL-lactate; pyruvate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (vanderWielen2002); (Ueki2017); (Rainey2011hBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; propionate; butyrate (trace); valerate (trace); isovalerate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2014);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • fidaxomicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Song, Yuli, Liu, C., Molitoris, D., Tomzynski, T. J., Mc Teague, M., Read, E., & Finegold, S. M. (2002). Use of 16S-23S rRNA spacer-region (SR)-PCR for identification of intestinal clostridia. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 25(4), 528–535.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Lachnospiraceae Genus:  Anaerotignum Alt. name:  Clostridium lactatifermentans Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and caeca of a chicken
    DNA G+C(%):  44.6
    Opt. T:  41℃
    Low T(℃):  15(neg)
    High T(℃):  47(+)
    Opt. pH:  6.4-7.3
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.6(+)
    pH >8:  8.3(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Starch:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Xylose:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Ethanol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg Ala:  + Arg:  neg Asp:  w Cys:  + Gly:  neg Ile:  w Leu:  w Lys:  neg Pro:  neg Ser:  + Thr:  + Val:  w DL-Lactate:  + Pyruvate:  + Succinate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Propionate:  + Butyrate:  trace(+) Valerate:  trace(+) Isovalerate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    fidaxomicin:  S(0.06)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  S(>32)
    metronidazole:  S(0.25)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ANAEROTIGNUM LACTATIFERMENTANS
  • Dong2020a - The Association of Gut Microbiota With Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty in Girls
  • Finegold2002 - Gastrointestinal microflora studies in late-onset autism
  • Takahashi2016 - Reduced Abundance of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria Species in the Fecal Microbial Community in Crohn's Disease
  • Luna2016 - Distinct Microbiome-Neuroimmune Signatures Correlate With Functional Abdominal Pain in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
  • Goldstein2014 - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against 162 strains from 35 less frequently recovered intestinal Clostridium species: implications for Clostridium difficile recurrence.
  • vanderWielen2002 - Clostridium lactatifermentans sp. nov., a lactate-fermenting anaerobe isolated from the caeca of a chicken.
  • Ueki2017 - Description of Anaerotignum aminivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, amino-acid-decomposing bacterium isolated from a methanogenic reactor, and reclassification of Clostridium propionicum, Clostridium neopropionicum and Clostridium lactatifermentans as species of the genus Anaerotignum.
  • Rainey2011hBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster XIVb
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ANAEROTIGNUM LACTATIFERMENTANS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR ANAEROTIGNUM LACTATIFERMENTANS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021