Arcanobacterium haemolyticum

(aka Corynebacterium haemolyticum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, (aka Corynebacterium haemolyticum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 50-52%. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Collins1982)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (throat, blood, wound, abscess - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: human and animal pathogen). It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1982);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; lactose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase; acid phosphatase; DNase; β-galactosidase; Leu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Collins1982);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • Haemolysis:
  • beta
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Collins1982);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • roxithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • oxytetracycline;
  • NOTES

    Arcanobacterium haemolyticum was first isolated from patients in the South Pacific suffering from sore throat.

  • Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is and occassional cause of pharyngitis (sore throat).

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Actinomycetales Family:  Actinomycetaceae Genus:  Arcanobacterium Alt. name:  Corynebacterium haemolyticum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (throat, blood, wound, abscess - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  50-52
    Opt. T:  37℃
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Ribose:  vr D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  vr Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  vr α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  vr β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  vr AlaPheProAA:  + GluGluAA:  vr GlyAA:  vr LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  vr PyrrolidAA:  vr AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  + DNAse:  + Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  vr Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    roxithromycin:  SensRNG: (≤0.015-0.03)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    oxytetracycline:  R(30; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ARCANOBACTERIUM HAEMOLYTICUM
  • Collins1982 - Reclassification of 'Corynebacterium haemolyticum' (MacLean, Liebow \& Rosenberg) in the Genus Arcanobacterium gen. nov. as Arcanobacterium haemolyticum nom .rev., comb.nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ARCANOBACTERIUM HAEMOLYTICUM
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021