Atopobium minutum

(aka Lactobacillus minutus)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Atopobium minutum, (aka Lactobacillus minutus), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 7 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 44%. Atopobium minutum is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Olsen1991)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and clinical sources (blood, abscess - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Olsen1991);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin; milk;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • strain-variable at 6.5(d)%;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate bile
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.1;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • strain-variable at 45(d);
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • mannose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; Gly arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Olsen1991);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate; acetate; lactate (major); succinate (trace); ammonia;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚; indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Backer2010); (Olsen1991);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • imipenem; penicillin G; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin; quinupristin-dalfopristin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;
  • NOTES

    The type strain for Atopobium minutum was isolated from a perineal abscess.

  • While ATCC lists Atopobium minutum as BSL1 there are literature reports of isolation of Atopobium minutum from patients. Therefore, this bacterium shoudl be treated as a potential pathogen.

  • Moore, WEC & LV Holdeman (1974). Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians. Appl. Microbiol. 27: 961-979.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Coriobacteriia Order:  Coriobacteriales Family:  Atopobiaceae Genus:  Atopobium Alt. name:  Lactobacillus minutus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and clinical sources (blood, abscess - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  44
    High T(℃):  45(d)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(d)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.1(+)
    Bile reaction(%):  neg
    		Aesculin:  d(neg) Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Hippurate:  neg Milk:  neg curdle Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  vr Glucose:  d(+) Mannose:  d(neg) Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  + GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  neg DNAse:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  + Acetate:  + Lactate:  Major(+) Succinate:  trace(+) Ammonia:  + H2:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.02-4)
    piper-taz:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.02-8)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.015-8)
    erythromycin:  S(3)
    quin-dalf:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.125-2)
    linezolid:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.5-8)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(6,vr)
    dalbavancin:  Var(MIC50): >0.5, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.06->32)
    chloramphenicol:  S(12)
    metronidazole:  Var(MIC50): >32, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.5->32)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.02->32)
    daptomycin:  Var(MIC50): >2, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.25->32)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR ATOPOBIUM MINUTUM
  • Backer2010 - In vitro activity of secnidazole against Atopobium vaginae, an anaerobic pathogen involved in bacterial vaginosis.
  • Olsen1991 - Lactobacillus uli sp. nov. and Lactobacillus rimae sp. nov. from the Human Gingival Crevice and Emended Descriptions of Lactobacillus minutus and Streptococcus parvulus.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR ATOPOBIUM MINUTUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Finegold1974 - Effect of diet on human fecal flora: comparison of Japanese and American diets
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Moore1974 - Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021