Bacillus cytotoxicus

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bacillus cytotoxicus is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 35.8%. Bacillus cytotoxicus is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Guinebretiere2013)



  • This organism has been recovered from diarrhoea as a result of food poisoning (Guinebretiere2013). Is a known human pathogen. A possible gut commensal. Robust growth can have negative consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Guinebretiere2013);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 15℃; grows at 20℃; grows at 50℃; Grows optimally at 30-37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; ribose; aesculin; cellubiose; maltose; arbutin; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase; catalase; lecithinase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Guinebretiere2013);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • VP test:
  • weakly active
  • ✗
  • ONPG test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • NOTES

    trypticase soy agar (30 g trypticase soy broth and 15 g bacto agar; l−1) and Luria agar (25 g Luria–Bertani broth and 15 g Bacto agar; l−1) at 30–37 °C.

  • Table 1.

    strains included in this work

    Toggle display:Table 1.    Open Table 1. fullscreen
    Strain Origin and year of isolation Other code/name Initial references 16S rRNA GenBank accession no.
    NVH 391-98 Vegetable puree, France, 1998, related to food poisoning 391-98, ssp. , NVH 391-98 AM747234
    INRA AF2 Potato purée, France, 2003, related to food poisoning INRA AF2 AM747232
    NVH 883/00 Spices, Norway, 2000 NVH883/00 AM747233
    AFSSA 08CEB44 BAC Cooked Semolina, France, 2008, related to food poisoning   This paper JN790693
    CVUAS2833 Potato purée, Germany, 2007, related to food poisoning   JN790694
  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    An aerobic endospore-forming bacillus (NVH 391-98(T)) was isolated during a severe food poisoning outbreak in France in 1998, and four other similar strains have since been isolated, also mostly from food poisoning cases. [PMID:22328607]

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Bacillales Family:  Bacillaceae Genus:  Bacillus Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Negative
    Source:  diarrhoea as a result of food poisoning (Guinebretiere2013)
    DNA G+C(%):  35.8
    Opt. T:  30-37℃
    Low T(℃):  15(neg)
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    High T(℃):  50(+)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Starch:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  w Aesculin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Mannitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg ArgDH:  + LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Lecithinase:  +(w)
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BACILLUS CYTOTOXICUS
  • Bagcioglu2019 - Detection and Identification of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus cytotoxicus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus weihenstephanensis via Machine Learning Based FTIR Spectroscopy.
  • Guinebretiere2013 - Bacillus cytotoxicus sp. nov. is a novel thermotolerant species of the Bacillus cereus Group occasionally associated with food poisoning.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BACILLUS CYTOTOXICUS
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: February 08, 2021