Bacteroides clarus

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bacteroides clarus is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 20 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 45.3%. Bacteroides clarus is a common gut coloniser. (Watanabe2010)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG, Alkhalil2017). Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Watanabe2010);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; mannose; rhamnose; xylose; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • arginine dihydrolase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Watanabe2010);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (major); lactate (major); succinate (major); indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • meropenem;
  • amoxicillin; oxacillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • ceftazidime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; clarithromycin; erythromycin; spiramycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • gatifloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • norfloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • sulfamethoxazole;

  • Watanabe, Y., Nagai, F., Morotomi, M., Sakon, H., & Tanaka, R. (2010). Bacteroides clarus sp. nov., Bacteroides fluxus sp. nov. and Bacteroides oleiciplenus sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 60(Pt 8), 1864–1869.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Bacteroidaceae Genus:  Bacteroides Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG, Alkhalil2017)
    DNA G+C(%):  45.3
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  d GluDC:  + AlanineAA:  + ArgAA:  neg GluGluAA:  + GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  + ProAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Acetate, Succinate

    		Acetate:  Major(+) Lactate:  Major(+) Succinate:  Major(+) Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  R(8)
    oxacillin:  R(32)
    piperacillin:  Var(MIC50): 7), MIC90: Var(7
    meropenem:  S(0.19)
    cefotaxime:  Var(MIC50): 16), MIC90: Var(16
    cefoxitin:  Var(MIC50): 8), MIC90: Var(8
    ceftazidime:  R(32)
    tobramycin:  R(>1024)
    azithromycin:  S(1.5)
    erythromycin:  S(1.5)
    clarithromycin:  S(0.125)
    spiramycin:  S(0.75)
    ciprofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 16), MIC90: Var(16
    gatifloxacin:  S(0.5)
    moxifloxacin:  S(1.5)
    norfloxacin:  R(>256)
    ofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 6), MIC90: Var(6
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(0.032)
    tigecycline:  S(0.032)
    metronidazole:  S(1)
    sulfamethoxazole:  R(96)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BACTEROIDES CLARUS
  • Watanabe2010 - Bacteroides clarus sp. nov., Bacteroides fluxus sp. nov. and Bacteroides oleiciplenus sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.
  • ElMouzan2018 - Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn's disease: data from a non-Western population
  • Wang2019b - Alterations in the human gut microbiome associated with Helicobacter pylori infection
  • Yu2015 - Metagenomic analysis of faecal microbiome as a tool towards targeted non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer
  • Zhao2019a - Metagenome of Gut Microbiota of Children With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BACTEROIDES CLARUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Dubinkina2017 - Links of gut microbiota composition with alcohol dependence syndrome and alcoholic liver disease
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Jie2017 - The gut microbiome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  • Karlsson2013 - Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Minerbi2019 - Altered microbiome composition in individuals with fibromyalgia
  • Nielsen2014 - MetaHIT Consortium. Identification and assembly of genomes and genetic elements in complex metagenomic samples without using reference genomes.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Wang2018 - A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in asthma in UK adults
  • Wang2018a - Morphine induces changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in a morphine dependence model.
  • Wang2020a - Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR BACTEROIDES CLARUS
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
  • Alkhalil2017 - Bacterial involvements in ulcerative colitis: molecular and microbiological studies
    • Added: April 08, 2021