Bacteroides graminisolvens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bacteroides graminisolvens is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 41.5%. Bacteroides graminisolvens is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Nishiyama2009)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and methanogenic reactor treating cattle waste. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Nishiyama2009);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; starch;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • Grows optimally with 0% salt.
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 6.1-8.2; Grows optimally at pH 7.2.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 5℃; grows at 40℃; Grows optimally at 30-35℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • mannose; starch; xylan; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • amygdalin; arabinose; cellubiose; dextrin; fructose; galactose; glucose; glycogen; lactose; maltose; mannose; melibiose; pectin; raffinose; salicin; starch; sucrose; xylan; xylose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Glu-Glu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Nishiyama2009);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; propionate; succinate (major);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

  • Li, M., Wang, B., Zhang, M., Rantalainen, M., Wang, S., Zhou, H., Zhang, Y., Shen, J., Pang, X., Zhang, M., Wei, H., Chen, Y., Lu, H., Zuo, J., Su, M., Qiu, Y., Jia, W., Xiao, C., Smith, L. M., … Zhao, L. (2008). Symbiotic gut microbes modulate human metabolic phenotypes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(6), 2117–2122.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Bacteroidaceae Genus:  Bacteroides Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and methanogenic reactor treating cattle waste
    DNA G+C(%):  41.5
    Opt. T:  30-35℃
    Low T(℃):  5(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    Opt. pH:  7.2
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.1-8.2(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Mannose:  + Melezitose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Starch:  + Xylan:  + Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  w Ribose:  w Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Cellulose:  neg Dextrin:  + Dulcitol:  neg Aesculin:  w Ethanol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Glycogen:  + Inositol:  neg Inulin:  w Mannitol:  neg Pectin:  + Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  + Xylan:  + Fumarate:  neg Lactate:  neg Malate:  neg Pyruvate:  w Succinate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  + GluGluAA:  d GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Acetate, Succinate

    		Acetate:  + Propionate:  + Succinate:  Major(+) H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BACTEROIDES GRAMINISOLVENS
  • Nishiyama2009 - Bacteroides graminisolvens sp. nov., a xylanolytic anaerobe isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating cattle waste.
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BACTEROIDES GRAMINISOLVENS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
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    • Added: April 08, 2021