Bacteroides helcogenes

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bacteroides helcogenes is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 44.72%. Bacteroides helcogenes is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Benno1983; Pati2011)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and pig faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread (notes: animal pathogen). It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Benno1983); (Pati2011);
    Character Response
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Doesn't tolerate bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 4℃; doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; xylose; amygdalin; glycogen; starch; xylan; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • melibiose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; fucosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase; β-glucuronidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase; Glu-Glu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Benno1983); (Pati2011);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Benno1983); (Pati2011);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • kanamycin; neomycin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • polymyxin B;
  • colistin;
  • NOTES

    This organism produces many extracellular enzymes which assist in the breakdown of complex plant polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose and host-derived polysaccharides such as mucopolysaccharides. [UP000008630] B. helcogenes is strictly anaerobic, chemoorganotrophic and is able to ferment glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, lactose, xylose, melibiose, raffinose, starch, glycogen, salicin, amygdalin, and xylan. B. helcogenes can grow in the presence of specific concentrations of kanamycin, vancomycin, colistin, erythromycin, or polymyxin B. [PMID: 21475586]

  • N/A

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    This group of microbes constitute the most abundant members of the intestinal microflora of mammals. Typically they are symbionts, but they can become opportunistic pathogens in the peritoneal (intra-abdominal) cavity. This organism produces many extracellular enzymes which assist in the breakdown of complex plant polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose and host-derived polysaccharides such as mucopolysaccharides. Bacteroides helcogenes (strain ATCC 35417 / DSM 20613 / JCM 6297 / P 36-108) is an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium isolated from abscesses in pigs. (Adapted from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomeprj/41913). [UP000008630]

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Bacteroidia Order:  Bacteroidales Family:  Bacteroidaceae Genus:  Bacteroides Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces and pig faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  44.72
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Low T(℃):  4(neg)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  neg
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Glycogen:  + Inulin:  neg Starch:  + Xylan:  + Adonitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  + α-Galactosidase:  vr β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  + ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  + AlanineAA:  + GluGluAA:  + GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    Fibre, Starch, Glycogen

    Glucose, Galactose, Lactose, Mannose, Fructose, Sucrose, Maltose, Cellobiose, Xylose, Melibiose, Raffinose, Amygdalin, Xylan

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin:  Sens
    cephalothin:  Sens
    kanamycin:  Res
    neomycin:  Res
    erythromycin:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  Res
    colistin:  Res
    polymyxin_B:  R,S

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BACTEROIDES HELCOGENES
  • Benno1983 - Bacteroides pyogenes sp. nov., Bacteroides suis sp. nov., and Bacteroides helcogenes sp. nov., New Species from Abscesses and Feces of Pigs.
  • Pati2011 - Complete genome sequence of Bacteroides helcogenes type strain (P 36-108T).
  • Wexler2007 - Bacteroides : the Good, the Bad, and the Nitty-Gritty.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BACTEROIDES HELCOGENES
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • King2019 - Baseline human gut microbiota profile in healthy people and standard reporting template.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • Urban2020 - Altered Fecal Microbiome Years after Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • Zupancic2012 - Analysis of the Gut Microbiota in the Old Order Amish and Its Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome.
  • ...............................
    • Added: February 08, 2021