Bifidobacterium pseudolongum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bifidobacterium pseudolongum is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 8 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Biavati1982; Scardovi1971)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Biavati1982); (Scardovi1971);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate pH 5.0; doesn't tolerate pH 8; Grows optimally at pH 6.5-7.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 20℃; doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 39-40℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; ribose; xylose; glycogen; starch; lactose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose; D-turanose; α-methyl glucoside;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • melibiose; Casamino acids;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Scardovi1971);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Kheadr2007); (Matteuzzi1983);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; cloxacillin; oxacillin; penicillin G; piperacillin; ticarcillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefmetazole; cefotaxime; cefotetan; cefoxitin; cephalothin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin; pristinamycin; spiramycin; telithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • minocycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; ofloxacin;
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin; kanamycin; neomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin; nisin A;
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; nitrofurantoin;
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; lincomycin; linezolid; pristinamycin; telithromycin;
  • novobiocin; polymyxin B;

  • Moore, WEC & LV Holdeman (1974). Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians. Appl. Microbiol. 27: 961-979.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Bifidobacteriales Family:  Bifidobacteriaceae Genus:  Bifidobacterium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    Opt. T:  39-40℃
    Lower T(℃):  20(neg)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    Opt. pH:  6.5-7.0
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.0(neg)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  8(neg)
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  neg Arginine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  + Inulin:  neg Starch:  + Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  + Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  Sens
    Augmentin:  Sens
    ampicillin:  S(3.9)
    cloxacillin:  S(3.9)
    oxacillin:  Sens
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.3, MIC90: 0.3, RNG: (0.3)
    piperacillin:  Sens
    ticarcillin:  Sens
    imipenem:  RNG: (8)
    cefmetazole:  S(0.5)
    cefotaxime:  Sens
    cefotetan:  Sens
    cefoxitin:  Sens
    cephalothin:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Res
    kanamycin:  R(MIC50): 93, MIC90: 134, RNG: (80-150)
    neomycin:  R(MIC50): 58, MIC90: 94, RNG: (40-100)
    streptomycin:  Var(MIC50): <20, MIC90: 26, RNG: (20-30)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): <0.05, MIC90: 0.08, RNG: (<0.05-0.1)
    pristinamycin:  Sens
    spiramycin:  Sens
    telithromycin:  Sens
    linezolid:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    gatifloxacin:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  RNG: (8)
    nalidixic-acid:  R(300-400)
    ofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    minocycline:  S(vr)
    tetracycline:  Var(MIC50): 5, MIC90: 5, RNG: (5)
    teicoplanin:  Sens
    vancomycin:  Sens
    bacitracin:  S(MIC50): <0.05, MIC90: 0.3, RNG: (0.05-0.4)
    nisin_A:  Sens
    rifampicin:  R(125)
    chloramphenicol:  S(MIC50): <3, MIC90: 3.7, RNG: 3-4)
    metronidazole:  R(>10000)
    nitrofurantoin:  S(MIC50): <8, MIC90: 16, RNG: 8-20)
    clindamycin:  S(≤0.03)
    lincomycin:  Sens
    novobiocin:  R(>31300)
    polymyxin_B:  R(>700)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BIFIDOBACTERIUM PSEUDOLONGUM
  • Biavati1982 - Electrophoretic Patterns of Proteins in the Genus Bifidobacterium and Proposal of Four New Species.
  • Kheadr2007 - Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bifidobacteria as Affected by Oxgall, Acid, and Hydrogen Peroxide Stress.
  • Matteuzzi1983 - Antimicrobial susceptibility of Bifidobacterium.
  • Scardovi1971 - Deoxyribonucleic Acid Homology Relationships Among Species of the Genus Bifidobacterium
  • Finegold2010 - Pyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children
  • Jackson2016 - Signatures of early frailty in the gut microbiota
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BIFIDOBACTERIUM PSEUDOLONGUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Li2019b - Disordered intestinal microbes are associated with the activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Moore1974 - Human fecal flora: the normal flora of 20 Japanese-Hawaiians.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021