Bifidobacterium pullorum subsp. gallinarum

(aka Bifidobacterium gallinarum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bifidobacterium pullorum subsp. gallinarum, (aka Bifidobacterium gallinarum), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped - curved bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 65.7%. Bifidobacterium pullorum subsp. gallinarum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Watabe1993)



  • This organism has been recovered from caeca of chickens. Also from human faeces (Alkhalil2017). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Watabe1993);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • milk;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • D-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; xylose; amygdalin; aesculin; inulin; lactose; maltose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; α-methyl glucoside; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • melezitose;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Watabe1993);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; lactate (major);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Bifidobacteriales Family:  Bifidobacteriaceae Genus:  Bifidobacterium Alt. name:  Bifidobacterium gallinarum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod - curved
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  caeca of chickens. Also from human faeces (Alkhalil2017)
    DNA G+C(%):  65.7
    		Gelatin:  neg Arginine:  neg Milk:  d
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  d(+) Fructose:  + Galactose:  d(+) Glucose:  + Mannose:  d(+) Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Lactose:  d(+) Maltose:  + Melezitose:  d(neg) Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  d(+) Amygdalin:  + Aesculin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  + Starch:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  d(+) Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Lactate:  Major(+) H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BIFIDOBACTERIUM PULLORUM SUBSP. GALLINARUM
  • Watabe1993 - Bifidobacterium gallinarum sp. nov.: a New Species Isolated from the Ceca of Chickens
  • Liu2020 - Proposal of Bifidobacterium saeculare Biavati et al. 1992 as a later heterotypic synonym of Bifidobacterium gallinarum Watabe et al. 1983 and Bifidobacterium gallinarum subsp. saeculare subsp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BIFIDOBACTERIUM PULLORUM SUBSP. GALLINARUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR BIFIDOBACTERIUM PULLORUM SUBSP. GALLINARUM
  • Alkhalil2017 - Bacterial involvements in ulcerative colitis: molecular and microbiological studies
    • Added: October 28, 2021