Blautia schinkii

(aka Ruminococcus schinkii)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Blautia schinkii, (aka Ruminococcus schinkii), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, coccobacillus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 46–47%. Blautia schinkii is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Liu2008; RieuLesme1996; Ezaki2011aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from rumen. Presence in the human gut is not clear. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. It's gut microbiome symbiotic status is unknown.
    • QUIRKS
  • Walker2011 found a related species in human faeces, but is likely an uncharacterised species. Homoacetogen.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Liu2008); (RieuLesme1996); (Ezaki2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.3; tolerates pH 7.8; Grows optimally at pH 6.5-7.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 20℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 39℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; glucose; mannose; xylose; cellubiose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; cellubiose; galactose; glucose; glycerol; maltose; mannose; melibiose; ribose; raffinose; sucrose; xylose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • formate; lactate; succinate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Liu2008); (RieuLesme1996); (Ezaki2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;

  • All ruminococci require fermentable carbohydrates for growth, and their substrate preferences appear to be based on the diet of their particular host. Most ruminococci that have been studied are those capable of degrading cellulose, much less is known about non-cellulolytic non-ruminant-associated species, and even less is known about the environmental distribution of ruminococci as a whole. [PMID: 28348838]

  • GutFeeling KnowledgeBase COMMENTS [Website]

    Ruminococcus species are defined as strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-motile cocci that do not produce endospores and require fermentable carbohydrates for growth (Rainey, 2009b). They were initially described from the isolation of Ruminococcus flavefaciens from the bovine rumen (Sijpesteijn, 1948). Ruminococcus is currently considered a polyphyletic genus, with species members belonging to two separate families: the Ruminococcaceae and the Lachnospiraceae (Rainey & Janssen, 1995). Ruminococcus species are predominantly associated with herbivores and omnivores, relative to carnivores, and that significantly abundant Ruminococcus populations are absent in non-host-associated environments. [PMID: 28348838]

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Lachnospiraceae Genus:  Blautia Alt. name:  Ruminococcus schinkii Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Coccobacillus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  rumen. Presence in the human gut is not clear
    DNA G+C(%):  46–47
    Opt. T:  39℃
    Lower T(℃):  20(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    Opt. pH:  6.5-7.0
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.3(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  7.8(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + Cellulose:  neg Ethanol:  neg Glycerol:  + Methanol:  neg Acetate:  neg Formate:  d Lactate:  d(neg) Malate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg Succinate:  d(neg)
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BLAUTIA SCHINKII
  • Liu2008 - Reclassification of Clostridium coccoides, Ruminococcus hansenii, Ruminococcus hydrogenotrophicus, Ruminococcus luti, Ruminococcus productus and Ruminococcus schinkii as Blautia coccoides gen. nov., comb. nov., Blautia hansenii comb. nov., Blautia hydrogenotrophica comb. nov., Blautia luti comb. nov., Blautia producta comb. nov., Blautia schinkii comb. nov. and description of Blautia wexlerae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.
  • RieuLesme1996 - A new H2/CO2-using acetogenic bacterium from the rumen: Description of Ruminococcus schinkii sp. nov.
  • Ezaki2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Ruminococcaceae, Genus I. Ruminococcus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BLAUTIA SCHINKII
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR BLAUTIA SCHINKII
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 22, 2021