Bradyrhizobium japonicum

(aka Rhizobium japonicum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Bradyrhizobium japonicum, (aka Rhizobium japonicum), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 61-65%. Bradyrhizobium japonicum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Jordan1982)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and plant endosymbiotic origin. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Jordan1982);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 2% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 4.5(d); doesn't tolerate pH 9;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • arabinose; fructose; galactose; gluconate; glucose; glycerol; mannitol; glutamate; histidine; citrate; fumarate; malate; malonate; pyruvate; succinate; glutamine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • oxidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Jordan1982);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Kuykendall1992);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • carbenicillin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • streptomycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol;

  • Lepage, P., Häsler, R., Spehlmann, M. E., Rehman, A., Zvirbliene, A., Begun, A., Ott, S., Kupcinskas, L., Doré, J., Raedler, A., & Schreiber, S. (2011). Twin study indicates loss of interaction between microbiota and mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology, 141(1), 227–236.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Alphaproteobacteria Order:  Hyphomicrobiales Family:  Bradyrhizobiaceae Genus:  Bradyrhizobium Alt. name:  Rhizobium japonicum Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and plant endosymbiotic origin
    DNA G+C(%):  61-65
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2(neg)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  4.5(d(+))
    pH >8:  9(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Casein:  neg Agar:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Lactose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Cellulose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Gluconate:  + Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  + Starch:  neg Ala:  neg Asp:  w Glu:  + Hippurate:  w His:  + Pro:  w Citrate:  + Fumarate:  + Malate:  + Malonate:  + Pyruvate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Urease:  + β-Galactosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    carbenicil:  S(500; disc)
    streptomycin:  S(100; disc)
    erythromycin:  S(250; disc)
    nalidixic-acid:  S(50; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(100; disc)
    rifampicin:  S(500; disc)
    chloramphenicol:  S(500; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM
  • Jordan1982 - Notes: Transfer of Rhizobium japonicum Buchanan 1980 to Bradyrhizobium gen. nov., a Genus of Slow-Growing, Root Nodule Bacteria from Leguminous Plants.
  • Kuykendall1992 - Genetic diversity in Bradyrhizobium japonicum Jordan 1982 and a proposal for Bradyrhizobium elkanii sp. nov.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: April 08, 2021