Brevibacterium epidermidis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Brevibacterium epidermidis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, pleiomorphic bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 63.4%. Brevibacterium epidermidis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Collins1983a; Gruner1993)



  • This organism has been recovered from human skin and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1983a); (Gruner1993);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • casein; DNA; gelatin; tyrosine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 6-10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 40℃; Grows optimally at 30-37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • sucrose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • acetate; lactate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; lipase C14; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Collins1983a); (Gruner1993);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Benson2021); (Gruner1993);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Brevibacteriaceae Genus:  Brevibacterium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Pleiomorphic
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human skin and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  63.4
    Opt. T:  30-37℃
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6-10(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Casein:  + DNA:  + Tyrosine:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  + Glycogen:  neg Mannitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Acetate:  + Lactate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    benzyl-pen:  I(0.5)
    penicillin_G:  S(1)
    gentamicin:  S(0.25)
    erythromycin:  S(0.5)
    ciprofloxacin:  S(0.5)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  I(MIC50): 8), MIC90: I(8, R(16)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 0.12), MIC90: S(0.12, S(0.5)
    SXT:  R(>32)
    clindamycin:  S(4)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BREVIBACTERIUM EPIDERMIDIS
  • Benson2021 - Successful Treatment of Brevibacterium Bacteremia Solely With Antimicrobial Therapy.
  • Collins1983a - Brevibacterium casei sp. nov. and Brevibacterium epidermidis sp. nov.
  • Gruner1993 - Characterization of Brevibacterium spp. from clinical specimens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BREVIBACTERIUM EPIDERMIDIS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021