Brevibacterium linens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Brevibacterium linens is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-motile, pleiomorphic bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 60-64%. Brevibacterium linens is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Collins1980; Gruner1993)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Optimum growth temp is low (20-25C), so unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1980); (Gruner1993);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • casein; DNA; gelatin; hippurate;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 6-10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 5℃; grows weakly at 37℃; Grows optimally at 20-25℃.
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Collins1980); (Gruner1993);
    Character Response
  • Nitrate:
  • reduction is variable
  • Pigments:
  • orange
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Gruner1993);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Micrococcales Family:  Brevibacteriaceae Genus:  Brevibacterium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Pleiomorphic Pigment:  orange
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  60-64
    Opt. T:  20-25℃
    Low T(℃):  5(neg)
    Mid T(℃):  37(w)
    NaCl >6%:  6-10(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Casein:  + DNA:  + Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Aesculin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg Salicin:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  w Catalase:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg LeuAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Pigment:  orange
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin_G:  S(0.5)
    gentamicin:  S(0.12)
    erythromycin:  S(0.06)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  S(0.5)
    clindamycin:  S(0.25)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR BREVIBACTERIUM LINENS
  • Collins1980 - Reclassification of Chromobacterium iodinum (Davis) in a Redefined Genus Brevibacterium (Breed) as Brevibacterium iodinum nom.rev.: comb.nov.
  • Gruner1993 - Characterization of Brevibacterium spp. from clinical specimens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR BREVIBACTERIUM LINENS
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021