Campylobacter showae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Campylobacter showae is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, microaerophilic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 44-46%. Campylobacter showae is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Etoh1993; VanDamme2005Bergey; Liu2018a)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and human dental plaque. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Etoh1993); (VanDamme2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 2.0% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 25℃; strain-variable at 42(d);
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • formate; fumarate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; esterase C4;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Etoh1993); (VanDamme2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • succinate; H₂S;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2003); (AlmaguerFlores2006); (Etoh1993); (VanDamme2005Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; carbenicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoperazone; cephalothin;
  • cefalexin;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • nalidixic-acid;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;
  • NOTES

    Media containing 1% glycine supports growth of some strains.

  • Bacterium Selenite reduction H2S/TSI Nitrate reduction Oxidase Catalase Indoxyl acetate hydrolysis
    Campylobacter coli + d + + + +
    Campylobacter upsaliensis + neg + + neg +
    Campylobacter rectus + neg + + d +
    Campylobacter showae + d + d + neg
    Campylobacter concisus d neg d d neg neg
    Campylobacter curvus neg d + + neg d
    Campylobacter gracilis neg neg d neg d d
    Campylobacter hominis neg neg neg + neg neg

  • Hansen, R., Berry, S. H., Mukhopadhya, I., Thomson, J. M., Saunders, K. A., Nicholl, C. E., Bisset, W. M., Loganathan, S., Mahdi, G., Kastner-Cole, D., Barclay, A. R., Bishop, J., Flynn, D. M., McGrogan, P., Russell, R. K., El-Omar, E. M., & Hold, G. L. (2013). The microaerophilic microbiota of de-novo paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: the BISCUIT study. PloS One, 8(3), e58825.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Epsilonproteobacteria Order:  Campylobacterales Family:  Campylobacteraceae Genus:  Campylobacter Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  microaerophilic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and human dental plaque
    DNA G+C(%):  44-46
    Lower T(℃):  25(neg)
    High T(℃):  42(d)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  2.0(+)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg Tyrosine:  neg Hippurate:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Gly:  vr Hippurate:  neg Formate:  + Fumarate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  vr Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg γ-Glu transf.:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  neg Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Succinate:  + H2S:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(0.5)
    Augmentin:  Var(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: >8, RNG: (0.06->8)
    carbenicil:  S(32)
    penicillin_G:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >32, RNG: (≤0.03->32)
    cefalexin:  R(MIC50): >32, MIC90: >32, RNG: (2->32)
    cefoperazone:  S(64)
    cephalothin:  S(32)
    azithromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125-0.5)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25-2)
    ciprofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): ≤0.5, MIC90: >8, RNG: (≤0.5->8)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: >8, RNG: (≤0.06->8)
    nalidixic-acid:  Res
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(0.5)
    tetracycline:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.125-2)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25-4)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.125-4)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CAMPYLOBACTER SHOWAE
  • Goldstein2003 - In Vitro Activities of Daptomycin, Vancomycin, Quinupristin- Dalfopristin, Linezolid, and Five Other Antimicrobials against 307 Gram-Positive Anaerobic and 31 Corynebacterium Clinical Isolates.
  • AlmaguerFlores2006 - Proportion of antibiotic resistance in subgingival plaque samples from Mexican subjects.
  • Etoh1993 - Campylobacter showae sp. nov., Isolated from the Human Oral Cavity.
  • VanDamme2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Campylobacteraceae, Genus I. Campylobacter
  • Liu2018a - The Clinical Importance of Campylobacter concisus and Other Human Hosted Campylobacter Species.
  • Gao2020 - Functional Microbiomics Reveals Alterations of the Gut Microbiome and Host Co-Metabolism in Patients With Alcoholic Hepatitis
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CAMPYLOBACTER SHOWAE
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CAMPYLOBACTER SHOWAE
  • VanDamme2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Campylobacteraceae, Genus I. Campylobacter
  • VanDamme2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Campylobacteraceae, Genus II. Arcobacter
    • Added: April 08, 2021