Cetobacterium somerae

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Cetobacterium somerae is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, microaerophilic, non-motile, fusobacterium bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 31%. Cetobacterium somerae is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Finegold2003; Edwards2010Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Finegold2003); (Edwards2010Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • aesculin; urea;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Resistant to 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 37℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; dextrin; fructose; galactose; gentiobiose; glucose; glycerol; lactose; maltose; mannose; melibiose; sucrose; trehalose; serine; 2-ketogluconate; pyruvate; glucose-1-phosphate; Casamino acids; α-ketobutyrate; methyl pyruvate; D-glucose-6-phosphate; N-acetylmannosamine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • α-glucosidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Finegold2003); (Edwards2010Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (major); propionate (minor); butyrate (minor); succinate (trace); indole (variable);
  • ✓
  • ONPG test:
  • active
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Finegold2003); (Edwards2010Bergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • imipenem;
  • ampicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • kanamycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; colistin;

  • Finegold, Sydney M., Vaisanen, M.-L., Molitoris, D. R., Tomzynski, T. J., Song, Y., Liu, C., Collins, M. D., & Lawson, P. A. (2003). Cetobacterium somerae sp. nov. from human feces and emended description of the genus Cetobacterium. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 26(2), 177–181.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Fusobacteria Class:  Fusobacteriia Order:  Fusobacteriales Family:  Fusobacteriaceae Genus:  Cetobacterium Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  microaerophilic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Fusobacterium
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  31
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(+)
    		Aesculin:  d Urea:  d Gelatin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Dextrin:  + Glycerol:  + Ala:  neg Glu:  neg Met:  neg Phe:  neg Ser:  + Thr:  neg Val:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  + Pyruvate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  d α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  d AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  + Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  Major(+) Propionate:  minor(+) Butyrate:  minor(+) Succinate:  trace(+) Indole:  vr
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(>2)
    penicillin_G:  R(>1)
    imipenem:  S(<8)
    cefoxitin:  S(<8)
    kanamycin:  S(1000; disc)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  R(256)
    metronidazole:  S(<8)
    SXT:  R(512)
    clindamycin:  S(<2)
    colistin:  S(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CETOBACTERIUM SOMERAE
  • Finegold2003 - Cetobacterium somerae sp. nov. from Human Feces and Emended Description of the Genus Cetobacterium.
  • Edwards2010Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 4, The Fusobacteria. Family Fusobacteriaceae, Genus II. Cetobacterium
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CETOBACTERIUM SOMERAE
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CETOBACTERIUM SOMERAE
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021