Christensenella hongkongensis

(aka Catabacter hongkongensis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Christensenella hongkongensis, (aka Catabacter hongkongensis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, variably-motile, coccobacillus bacterium. It has been detected in at least 6 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 48.5-48.8%. Christensenella hongkongensis is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Lau2007; Lau2012)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources and human faeces. It is an opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 27% of Europeans (unseenbio.com). Minor coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Lau2007); (Lau2012);
    Character Response
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; glucose; mannose; xylose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • arabinose; glucose; mannose; xylose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; β-glucosidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Leu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Lau2007); (Lau2012);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Lau2007); (Lau2012);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin;
  • amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; piperacillin-tazobactam; ticarcillin-clavulanic acid;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefuroxime;
  • cefotaxime;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • kanamycin;
  • gentamicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • bile;
  • colistin;

  • Lau, S. K. P., McNabb, A., Woo, G. K. S., Hoang, L., Fung, A. M. Y., Chung, L. M. W., Woo, P. C. Y., & Yuen, K.-Y. (2007). Catabacter hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from blood cultures of patients from Hong Kong and Canada. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 45(2), 395–401.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Christensenellaceae Genus:  Christensenella Alt. name:  Catabacter hongkongensis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  vr Morphology:  Coccobacillus
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  48.5-48.8
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  vr Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  vr Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Xylose:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  + AlanineAA:  neg ArgAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  d LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Augmentin:  R(clinic)
    penicillin:  SensRNG: (<0.016-4)
    piper-taz:  R(clinic)
    tica-clav:  R(clinic)
    cefotaxime:  R(>32)
    cefuroxime:  S(clinic)
    gentamicin:  R(clinic)
    kanamycin:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  S(clinic)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Res
    vancomycin:  S(2)
    metronidazole:  S(clinic) S(<0.02)
    colistin:  Res
    Bile:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CHRISTENSENELLA HONGKONGENSIS
  • Liu2021b - Reclassification of Catabacter hongkongensis as Christensenella hongkongensis comb. nov. based on whole genome analysis.
  • Lau2007 - Catabacter hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from Blood Cultures of Patients from Hong Kong and Canada.
  • Lau2012 - High Mortality Associated with Catabacter hongkongensis Bacteremia.
  • Petrov2017 - Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CHRISTENSENELLA HONGKONGENSIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CHRISTENSENELLA HONGKONGENSIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021