Christensenella minuta

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Christensenella minuta is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 51.3%. Christensenella minuta is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Mazier2021; Morotomi2012)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • QUIRKS
  • In 52% of Europeans (unseenbio.com). A minor coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Mazier2021); (Morotomi2012);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 5% salt; Grows optimally with 0% salt.
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Resistant to 20% bile
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 6.0; tolerates pH 9; Grows optimally at pH 7.5.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows weakly at 25℃; grows weakly at 43℃; Grows optimally at 37-40℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; glucose; rhamnose; xylose; salicin;
  • Active enzymes:
  • arabinosidase; β-galactosidase; β-glucosidase; glutamic acid decarboxylase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Mazier2021); (Morotomi2012);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate (major); butyrate (minor);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Mazier2021);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • meropenem; piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • ampicillin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • moxifloxacin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;

  • Morotomi, M., Nagai, F., & Watanabe, Y. (2012). Description of Christensenella minuta gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces, which forms a distinct branch in the order Clostridiales, and proposal of Christensenellaceae fam. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 62(Pt 1), 144–149.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Christensenellaceae Genus:  Christensenella Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  51.3
    Opt. T:  37-40℃
    Lower T(℃):  25(w)
    High T(℃):  43(w)
    NaCl 3-5%:  5(neg)
    Opt. pH:  7.5
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0(+)
    pH >8:  9(+)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  w Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg α-Arab:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg GluDC:  + Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  neg ArgAA:  neg CystineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg HisAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg ProAA:  neg PheAA:  neg PyrogluAA:  neg SerAA:  neg TyrAA:  neg ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  neg EstLip(C8):  neg Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  Major(+) Butyrate:  minor(+) Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  R(4)
    piper-taz:  S(1/4)
    meropenem:  S(0.25)
    moxifloxacin:  S(0.25)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  R(>32)
    chloramphenicol:  S(8)
    metronidazole:  S(0.12)
    clindamycin:  S(0.03)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CHRISTENSENELLA MINUTA
  • Mazier2021 - A New Strain of Christensenella minuta as a Potential Biotherapy for Obesity and Associated Metabolic Diseases.
  • Morotomi2012 - Description of Christensenella minuta gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces, which forms a distinct branch in the order Clostridiales, and proposal of Christensenellaceae fam. nov.
  • Petrov2017 - Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.
  • Takahashi2016 - Reduced Abundance of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria Species in the Fecal Microbial Community in Crohn's Disease
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CHRISTENSENELLA MINUTA
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Jeong2021 - The effect of taxonomic classification by full-length 16S rRNA sequencing with a synthetic long-read technology
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CHRISTENSENELLA MINUTA
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021