Chromohalobacter salexigens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Chromohalobacter salexigens is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 64.2-66.0%. Chromohalobacter salexigens is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Arahal2001)



  • This organism has been recovered from salterns. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Arahal2001);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • casein;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 7.5-10% salt; Grows optimally with 0.9-25% salt.
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5; tolerates pH 10; Grows optimally at pH 7.5.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 15℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; xylose; lactose; maltose; sucrose; glycerol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • L-arabinose; dulcitol; erythritol; ethanol; fructose; galactose; glucose; glycerol; inositol; maltose; mannitol; mannose; ribose; sorbitol; sucrose; trehalose; xylose; arginine; betaine; glutamate; glycine; lysine; ornithine; proline; serine; acetate; citrate; fumarate; DL-glycerate; 2-ketoglutarate; malate; malonate; propionate; saccharate; succinate; D-tartrate; glutamine; L-asparagine; norvaline;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Arahal2001);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • Methyl red test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Oceanospirillales Family:  Halomonadaceae Genus:  Chromohalobacter Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  salterns
    DNA G+C(%):  64.2-66.0
    Opt. T:  37℃
    Low T(℃):  15(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7.5-10(+)
    Opt. pH:  7.5
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5(+)
    pH >8:  10(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  + DNA:  neg Tween:  80(neg)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Xylose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Glycerol:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  + Erythritol:  + Ethanol:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  + Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  + Ala:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  neg Arg:  + Betaine:  + Glu:  + Gly:  + Lys:  + Met:  neg Orn:  + Pro:  + Sarcosine:  neg Ser:  + Thr:  neg Val:  neg Acetate:  + Butyrate:  neg Caprylate:  neg Citrate:  + Fumarate:  + DL-Glycerate:  + Lactate:  neg Malate:  + Malonate:  + Propionate:  + Saccharate:  + Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  + Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CHROMOHALOBACTER SALEXIGENS
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Arahal2001 - Chromohalobacter salexigens sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species that includes Halomonas elongata DSM 3043 and ATCC 33174
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CHROMOHALOBACTER SALEXIGENS
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • Added: September 17, 2022