Chryseobacterium gleum

(aka Flavobacterium gleum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Chryseobacterium gleum, (aka Flavobacterium gleum), is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 37.6%. Chryseobacterium gleum is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (MonteroCalasanz2014; Holmes1984)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (vagina, sputum, wound, abdominal tap). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Holmes1984);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; casein; DNA; gelatin; starch;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • tyrosine; urea;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 4℃; grows at 30℃; grows at 37℃; grows at 42(d)℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; fructose; glucose; maltose; trehalose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • xylose; D-turanose; glycerol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • fructose; glycerol; salicin; trehalose; alanine; arginine; serine; 3-hydroxybutyrate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • D-turanose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; Arg arylamidase; N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; Asp arylamidase; catalase; cystine arylamidase; DNase; esterase lipase C8; α-glucosidase; Gly arylamidase; His arylamidase; Leu arylamidase; Leu-Gly arylamidase; oxidase; phosphoamidase; Phe arylamidase; Val arylamidase; naphthol-ASBI-P;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • Tyr arylamidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Holmes1984);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S;
  • ±
  • ONPG test:
  • active for most strains
  • KCN growth:
  • inhibited (0.008%)
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ±
  • Nitrate:
  • strain dependent
  • ±
  • Nitrite:
  • strain dependent
  • Pigments:
  • bright yellow

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Bacteroidetes Class:  Flavobacteriia Order:  Flavobacteriales Family:  Weeksellaceae Genus:  Chryseobacterium Alt. name:  Flavobacterium gleum Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  bright yellow
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (vagina, sputum, wound, abdominal tap)
    DNA G+C(%):  37.6
    Low T(℃):  4(neg)
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  42(d(+))
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  d Gelatin:  + Starch:  d(+) Casein:  + Agar:  neg DNA:  + Tyrosine:  d Tween:  20(+) 80(+)
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Xylose:  d(neg) Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + Turanose:  d Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Glycerol:  d Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Ethanol:  neg Gluconate:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Fructose:  + Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  d Trehalose:  + Gluconate:  neg Glycerol:  + Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  + Ala:  + Arg:  + His:  neg Ser:  + Citrate:  neg 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + L-Malate:  neg Quinate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  d α-Arab:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg Xylosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg ArgDC:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Phe deaminase:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + ArgAA:  + AspAA:  + CystineAA:  + GlyAA:  + HisAA:  + LeuAA:  + LeuGlyAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg PheAA:  + TyrAA:  d(neg) ValAA:  + AlkalineP:  + DNAse:  + EstLip(C8):  d(+) Phosphoamidase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  + Pigment:  bright yellow

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CHRYSEOBACTERIUM GLEUM
  • Vandamme1994 - Notes: New Perspectives in the Classification of the Flavobacteria: Description of Chryseobacterium gen. nov., Bergeyella gen. nov., and Empedobacter nom. rev.
  • MonteroCalasanz2014 - Chryseobacterium oleae sp. nov., an efficient plant growth promoting bacterium in the rooting induction of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) cuttings and emended descriptions of the genus Chryseobacterium, C. daecheongense, C. gambrini, C. gleum, C. joostei, C. jejuense, C. luteum, C. shigense, C. taiwanense, C. ureilyticum and C. vrystaatense.
  • Nguyen2013 - Chryseobacterium ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of ginseng and emended description of Chryseobacterium gleum.
  • Holmes2013 - DNA-DNA hybridization study of strains of Chryseobacterium, Elizabethkingia and Empedobacter and of other usually indole-producing non-fermenters of CDC groups IIc, IIe, IIh and IIi, mostly from human clinical sources, and proposals of Chryseobacterium bernardetii sp. nov., Chryseobacterium carnis sp. nov., Chryseobacterium lactis sp. nov., Chryseobacterium nakagawai sp. nov. and Chryseobacterium taklimakanense comb. nov.
  • Holmes1984 - Flavobacterium gleum, a New Species Found in Human Clinical Specimens
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CHRYSEOBACTERIUM GLEUM
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • ...............................
    • Added: January 14, 2022