Clostridium cadaveris

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium cadaveris is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 27%. Clostridium cadaveris is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Rainey2011aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, clinical sources (abscesses, wounds and blood - CCUG), soil and animals. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. It is an opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • hippurate;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 💧
  • Bile tolerance:
  • Few strains tolerate 20% bile
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 25℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 30-37℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • pyruvate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • fructose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • DNase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate (trace); acetate; propionate (trace); butyrate; lactate (trace); ethanol; butanol; succinate (trace); Hâ‚‚S; Hâ‚‚;
  • Haemolysis:
  • variable
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Rainey2011aBergey); (Goldstein2018a); (Goldstein2014); (Goldstein2008); (Goldstein2006a); (Goldstein2006b); (Goldstein2006c); (Citron2003); (Goldstein2000a); (Schaumann1999);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin; ampicillin-sulbactam; doripenem; ertapenem; imipenem; meropenem; penicillin; penicillin G;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefotiam; ceftizoxime;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin; fidaxomicin; quinupristin-dalfopristin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin; trovafloxacin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • bacitracin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; dalbavancin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; linezolid; ranbezolid;

  • Mitsuoka, T (1992). The human gastrointestinal tract. The lactic acid bacteria in health and disease. Vol. 1 (BJB Wood, eds.), pp. 69-114 Elsevier Science Publishers, Ltd., Essex.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, clinical sources (abscesses, wounds and blood - CCUG), soil and animals
    DNA G+C(%):  27
    Opt. T:  30-37℃
    Lower T(℃):  25(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    Bile reaction(%):  20(d(neg))
    		Hippurate:  d(neg)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  d Galactose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg Ile:  neg Leu:  neg Thr:  neg Val:  w Lactate:  neg Pyruvate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    DNAse:  + Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  trace(+) Acetate:  + Propionate:  trace(+) Butyrate:  + Lactate:  trace(+) Ethanol:  + Butanol:  + Succinate:  trace(+) H2S:  + H2:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125-0.5)
    Augmentin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125-0.5)
    ampicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.03-1)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.25-0.25)
    penicillin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.02-0.5)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (0.125–0.125)
    piper-taz:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.125-16)
    tica-clav:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.06–64)
    doripenem:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.015–1)
    ertapenem:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.015–8)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.06-0.5)
    meropenem:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.03–4)
    cefepime:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 64, RNG: (0.03–128)
    cefoperazone:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 128, RNG: (0.25-128)
    cefotaxime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.06–>128)
    cefotetan:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25-4)
    cefotiam:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 128, RNG: (1-128)
    cefoxitin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.06–32)
    ceftazidime:  Var(MIC50): 4, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.06–>128)
    ceftizoxime:  R(MIC50): 64, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.125->128)
    erythromycin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.25-8)
    fidaxomicin:  S(0.03)
    quin-dalf:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25-1)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.5-4)
    ciprofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.5-8)
    gatifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25-2)
    levofloxacin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.5-4)
    moxifloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25-2)
    ofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.25->32)
    trovafloxacin:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.25-1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.125–8)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.06–0.125)
    dalbavancin:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.015-1)
    teicoplanin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06-4)
    vancomycin:  S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.5-2)
    bacitracin:  R(MIC50): 32, MIC90: 32, RNG: (2–64)
    chloramphenicol:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.125–>32)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.12-1)
    ranbezolid:  S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.06, RNG: (0.008-0.06)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 4, RNG: (0.02-8)
    daptomycin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.06-16)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM CADAVERIS
  • Rainey2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster I
  • Goldstein2018a - Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains.
  • Goldstein2014 - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against 162 strains from 35 less frequently recovered intestinal Clostridium species: implications for Clostridium difficile recurrence.
  • Goldstein2008 - In vitro activities of doripenem and six comparator drugs against 423 aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates from infected diabetic foot wounds.
  • Goldstein2006a - In vitro activity of ceftobiprole against aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from diabetic foot infections.
  • Goldstein2006b - In vitro activities of dalbavancin and 12 other agents against 329 aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive isolates recovered from diabetic foot infections.
  • Goldstein2006c - Comparative in vitro susceptibilities of 396 unusual anaerobic strains to tigecycline and eight other antimicrobial agents.
  • Citron2003 - In vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, bacitracin, and four other antimicrobials against intestinal anaerobic bacteria.
  • Goldstein2000a - Comparative In vitro activities of ertapenem (MK-0826) against 1,001 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • Schaumann1999 - In vitro activities of gatifloxacin, two other quinolones, and five nonquinolone antimicrobials against obligately anaerobic bacteria.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM CADAVERIS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Finegold1977 - Fecal microbial flora in Seventh Day Adventist populations and control subjects.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM CADAVERIS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021