Clostridium chartatabidum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium chartatabidum is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 31%. Clostridium chartatabidum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Kelly1987; Rainey2011aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and rumen of sheep and cattle. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Cellulolytic.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Kelly1987); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • gelatin; cellulose;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 5.9; tolerates pH 7;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 28℃; grows at 45℃; Grows optimally at 39℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; xylose; cellulose; cellubiose; sucrose; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • lactose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • cellubiose; fructose; glucose; salicin; sucrose; xylose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • lactose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • N-Ac β-glucosaminidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate; ethanol; H₂ (major);
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and rumen of sheep and cattle
    DNA G+C(%):  31
    Opt. T:  39℃
    Lower T(℃):  28(+)
    High T(℃):  45(+)
    pH 4.2-5.9:  5.9(+)
    pH 6.0-8.0:  7(+)
    		Urea:  neg Gelatin:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  + Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  d Maltose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Cellulose:  + Starch:  neg Xylan:  neg Mannitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Fructose:  + Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  d Maltose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Pectin:  w Salicin:  + Starch:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  + α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg GluDC:  neg AlanineAA:  neg GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  + Ethanol:  + H2:  Major(+) Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM CHARTATABIDUM
  • Kelly1987 - Isolation and characterization of a strictly anaerobic, cellulolytic spore former: Clostridium chartatabidum sp. nov.
  • Rainey2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster I
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM CHARTATABIDUM
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM CHARTATABIDUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021