Clostridium disporicum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium disporicum is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 9 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 40-41%. Clostridium disporicum is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Horn1987; Rainey2011aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and rat faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Is a known gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Borderline cold mesophile
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Horn1987); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; milk; mucin; starch;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 22℃; grows at 44℃; Grows optimally at 25-26℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; ribose; xylose; aesculin; starch; cellubiose; lactose; maltose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; dulcitol; mannitol; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • cellubiose; dulcitol; aesculin; fructose; galactose; glucose; lactose; maltose; mannitol; mannose; melibiose; ribose; raffinose; salicin; starch; sucrose; trehalose; xylose; mucin;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Horn1987); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate; lactate; succinate (minor); Hâ‚‚;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • Haemolysis:
  • alpha
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Rainey2011aBergey); (Goldstein2014);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • fidaxomicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;

  • Ley, R. E., Turnbaugh, P. J., Klein, S., & Gordon, J. I. (2006). Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature, 444(7122), 1022–1023.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and rat faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  40-41
    Opt. T:  25-26℃
    Lower T(℃):  22(+)
    High T(℃):  44(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  + Casein:  neg Milk:  + Meat:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Aesculin:  + Starch:  + Dulcitol:  + Mannitol:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Dulcitol:  + Aesculin:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  + Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Lecithinase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  + Lactate:  + Succinate:  minor(+) H2:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    fidaxomicin:  S(0.03)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  S(0.5)
    metronidazole:  S(1)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM DISPORICUM
  • Horn1987 - Clostridium disporicum sp. nov., a Saccharolytic Species Able to Form Two Spores per Cell, Isolated from a Rat Cecum.
  • Rainey2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster I
  • BenitezPaez2020 - Depletion of Blautia Species in the Microbiota of Obese Children Relates to Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Phenotype Worsening
  • Dong2020a - The Association of Gut Microbiota With Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty in Girls
  • ElMouzan2018 - Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn's disease: data from a non-Western population
  • Finegold2002 - Gastrointestinal microflora studies in late-onset autism
  • Takahashi2016 - Reduced Abundance of Butyrate-Producing Bacteria Species in the Fecal Microbial Community in Crohn's Disease
  • Luna2016 - Distinct Microbiome-Neuroimmune Signatures Correlate With Functional Abdominal Pain in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
  • Goldstein2014 - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against 162 strains from 35 less frequently recovered intestinal Clostridium species: implications for Clostridium difficile recurrence.
  • Raimondi2021 - Identification of mucin degraders of the human gut microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM DISPORICUM
  • Aujoulat2014 - Temporal dynamics of the very premature infant gut dominant microbiota.
  • Browne2016 - Culturing of 'unculturable' human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation.
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Mangin2004 - Molecular inventory of faecal microflora in patients with Crohn's disease.
  • McLaughlin2010 - The bacteriology of pouchitis: a molecular phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM DISPORICUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021