Clostridium saccharobutylicum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium saccharobutylicum is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 28-32%. Clostridium saccharobutylicum is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Keis2001a; Rainey2011aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from commercial solvent production. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Doesn't produce riboflavin when grown in milk. Patented industrial strains used to produce solvents (acetone and butanol).
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Keis2001a); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • milk;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 6.2-7.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 30-34℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • amygdalin; arabinose; cellubiose; dextrin; glucose; glycogen; inositol; inulin; lactose; maltose; mannose; melibiose; methyl-α-glucoside; raffinose; salicin; starch; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; xylose; NH4+ consumed;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • d_arabitol; L-arabitol; mannitol;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Keis2001a); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate; ethanol; butanol; CO₂; H₂;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  commercial solvent production
    DNA G+C(%):  28-32
    Opt. T:  30-34℃
    Opt. pH:  6.2-7.0
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  + Milk:  curdle
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  w Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  + D-Arabitol:  d(neg) L-Arabitol:  d(neg) Dextrin:  + Dulcitol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Glycogen:  + Inositol:  + Inulin:  d(+) Mannitol:  d(neg) Me-α-D-Glc:  + Pectin:  neg Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  + Ethanol:  + Butanol:  + CO2:  + H2:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    rifampicin:  S(10; disc)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SACCHAROBUTYLICUM
  • Keis2001a - Emended descriptions of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium beijerinckii, and descriptions of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum sp. nov. and Clostridium saccharobutylicum sp. nov.
  • Rainey2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster I
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SACCHAROBUTYLICUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • ...............................
    • Added: March 18, 2022