Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 31%. Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Keis2001a; Rainey2011aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Keis2001a); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; gelatin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent hydrolysis or digestion:
  • milk;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at pH 5.6-6.7.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 25-35℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; glucose; mannose; xylose; amygdalin; dextrin; glycogen; inulin; pectin; starch; lactose; maltose; melezitose; melibiose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; D-arabitol; L-arabitol; mannitol; α-methyl glucoside; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • dulcitol; inositol; sorbitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • amygdalin; arabinose; d_arabitol; L-arabitol; cellubiose; dextrin; glucose; glycogen; lactose; maltose; mannitol; mannose; melezitose; melibiose; methyl-α-glucoside; pectin; raffinose; salicin; starch; sucrose; trehalose; D-turanose; xylose;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • dulcitol; inositol; inulin; sorbitol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • DNase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Keis2001a); (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; butyrate; ethanol; butanol; H₂S; ammonia; CO₂; H₂;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrite:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Thiosulfate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Rainey2011aBergey);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;

  • Pfleiderer, A., Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Robert, C., Vialettes, B., & Raoult, D. (2013). Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases: Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 32(11), 1471–1481.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  31
    Opt. T:  25-35℃
    Opt. pH:  5.6-6.7
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  + Starch:  neg Milk:  neg curdle
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  w Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  + Amygdalin:  + Dextrin:  + Glycogen:  + Inulin:  + Starch:  + Pectin:  + D-Arabitol:  + L-Arabitol:  + Dulcitol:  d Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  d Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  d Me-α-D-Glc:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  w Ribose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Melezitose:  + Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  + Trehalose:  + Amygdalin:  + D-Arabitol:  + L-Arabitol:  + Dextrin:  + Dulcitol:  d Glycerol:  neg Glycogen:  + Inositol:  d Inulin:  d Mannitol:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  + Pectin:  + Salicin:  + Sorbitol:  d Starch:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg DNAse:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Butyrate:  + Ethanol:  + Butanol:  + H2S:  + Ammonia:  + CO2:  + H2:  + Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    rifampicin:  S(0.1)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SACCHAROPERBUTYLACETONICUM
  • Keis2001a - Emended descriptions of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium beijerinckii, and descriptions of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum sp. nov. and Clostridium saccharobutylicum sp. nov.
  • Rainey2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster I
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SACCHAROPERBUTYLACETONICUM
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Cassir2015 - Clostridium butyricum Strains and Dysbiosis Linked to Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SACCHAROPERBUTYLACETONICUM
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021