Clostridium sardiniense

(aka Clostridium absonum)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium sardiniense, (aka Clostridium absonum), is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. Clostridium sardiniense is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Nakamura1973)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (infants). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Could be a possible pathogen in humans, but unknown at this stage. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Nakamura1973);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • milk;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • doesn't tolerate 6.5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 25-37℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; galactose; glucose; mannose; lactose; maltose; sucrose; salicin;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • pyruvate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • lecithinase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Nakamura1973);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate (trace); acetate; propionate (trace); butyrate; lactate; ammonia; Hâ‚‚; indole;
  • ✓
  • Haemolysis:
  • present
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2014);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Macrolides:
  • fidaxomicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • NOTES

    Toxin is weakly produced by most strains.

  • Woodmansey, E. J., McMurdo, M. E. T., Macfarlane, G. T., & Macfarlane, S. (2004). Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70(10), 6113–6122.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Alt. name:  Clostridium absonum Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (infants)
    Opt. T:  25-37℃
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(neg)
    		Gelatin:  w Milk:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Sucrose:  + Inulin:  neg Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Pyruvate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Urease:  neg Lecithinase:  + Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  trace(+) Acetate:  + Propionate:  trace(+) Butyrate:  + Lactate:  + Ammonia:  + H2:  + Indole:  +
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    fidaxomicin:  S(0.03)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    vancomycin:  R(32)
    metronidazole:  S(4)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SARDINIENSE
  • Ridlon2006 - Bile salt biotransformations by human intestinal bacteria
  • Goldstein2014 - Comparative in vitro activities of SMT19969, a new antimicrobial agent, against 162 strains from 35 less frequently recovered intestinal Clostridium species: implications for Clostridium difficile recurrence.
  • Nakamura1973 - Numerical Taxonomy of Saccharolytic Clostridia, Particularly Clostridium perfringens-Like Strains: Descriptions of Clostridium absonum sp. n. and Clostridium paraperfringens.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SARDINIENSE
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Woodmansey2004 - Comparison of compositions and metabolic activities of fecal microbiotas in young adults and in antibiotic-treated and non-antibiotic-treated elderly subjects.
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • Zou2019 - 1,520 reference genomes from cultivated human gut bacteria enable functional microbiome analyses.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SARDINIENSE
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021