Clostridium schirmacherense

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium schirmacherense is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 24%. Clostridium schirmacherense is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Rainey2011aBergey; Alam2006)



  • This organism has been recovered from cold lake sediment. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Optimum growth temperature is 5-10C; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Rainey2011aBergey); (Alam2006);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; casein; gelatin;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0% salt; tolerates 7.5% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 6.0; tolerates pH 9; Grows optimally at pH 8.0.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 5℃; grows at 35℃; Grows optimally at 5-10℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • adonitol; glucose; rhamnose; ribose; raffinose; arginine; cysteine; glutamate; isoleucine; leucine; serine; glutamine; Casamino acids;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Rainey2011aBergey); (Alam2006);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • formate; acetate; propionate; butyrate; isobutyrate; isovalerate; H₂S; CO₂; H₂;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • Haemolysis:
  • beta(absent)
  • ✗
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Sulfate:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Thiosulfate:
  • reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Endospore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  cold lake sediment
    DNA G+C(%):  24
    Opt. T:  5-10℃
    Low T(℃):  5(+)
    Mid T(℃):  35(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7.5(+)
    Opt. pH:  8.0
    pH 6.0-8.0:  6.0(+)
    pH >8:  9(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Gelatin:  + Casein:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  + Ribose:  + Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  neg Adonitol:  + Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylan:  neg Arg:  + Asp:  neg Cys:  + Glu:  + Gly:  neg Ile:  + Leu:  + Lys:  neg Met:  neg Orn:  neg Phe:  neg Pro:  neg Ser:  + Thr:  neg Trp:  neg Tyr:  neg Val:  neg Fumarate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  neg Lipase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Formate:  + Acetate:  + Propionate:  + Butyrate:  + Isobutyrate:  + Isovalerate:  + H2S:  + CO2:  + H2:  + Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SCHIRMACHERENSE
  • Rainey2011aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster I
  • Alam2006 - Clostridium schirmacherense sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic, proteolytic, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from lake sediment of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica.
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM SCHIRMACHERENSE
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
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    • Added: January 14, 2022