Clostridium viride

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Clostridium viride is a Gram-positive, Unknown, strictly anaerobic, motile, oval-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 3 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 41.5%. Clostridium viride is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Buckel1994; Rainey2011dBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, and anaerobic sewage sludge. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Buckel1994); (Rainey2011dBergey);
    Character Response
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 19℃; grows at 40℃; doesn't grow at 44℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • δ-aminovalerate; cysteine; 4-hydroxybutyrate;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Buckel1994); (Rainey2011dBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; propionate; butyrate (minor); valerate; H₂S (variable); ammonia;
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Sulfate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Thiosulfate:
  • not reduced

  • Zupancic, M. L., Cantarel, B. L., & Liu, Z. (2012). Analysis of the gut microbiota in the old order Amish and its relation to the metabolic syndrome. PLoS ONE, 7, 43052.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Clostridia Order:  Eubacteriales Family:  Clostridiaceae Genus:  Clostridium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  Unknown Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Oval-shaped
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, and anaerobic sewage sludge
    DNA G+C(%):  41.5
    Low T(℃):  19(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(+)
    High T(℃):  44(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg Mannose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Cellulose:  neg Glycerol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Pectin:  neg Starch:  neg Ala:  neg β-Ala:  neg 4-Aminobutyrate:  neg 5-Aminovalerate:  + Arg:  neg Asp:  neg Betaine:  neg Cys:  + Glu:  neg Ile:  neg Leu:  neg Pro:  neg Trp:  neg Val:  neg Citrate:  neg Formate:  neg Fumarate:  neg 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  neg Lactate:  neg Malate:  neg Pyruvate:  neg Succinate:  neg D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + Propionate:  + Butyrate:  minor(+) Valerate:  + H2S:  vr Ammonia:  + Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM VIRIDE
  • Buckel1994 - Clostridium viride sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterium using 5-aminovalerate as growth substrate, previously assigned to Clostridium aminovalericum.
  • Rainey2011dBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Clostridiaceae, Genus I. Clostridium - Cluster IV
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM VIRIDE
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Walker2011 - High-throughput clone library analysis of the mucosa-associated microbiota reveals dysbiosis and differences between inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the intestine in inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Zupancic2012 - Analysis of the Gut Microbiota in the Old Order Amish and Its Relation to the Metabolic Syndrome.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CLOSTRIDIUM VIRIDE
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
    • Added: April 08, 2021