Comamonas terrigena

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Comamonas terrigena is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 1 gut microbiome compilation study or metastudy. The DNA G+C content is 59.7-63.3%. Comamonas terrigena is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (DeVos1985; Wauters2003; Willems2005aBergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces (CCUG), soil, and clinical sources (blood - CCUG). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (DeVos1985); (Wauters2003); (Willems2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • tyrosine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 1.5% salt; doesn't tolerate 4.5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; doesn't grow at 40℃;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • gluconate; alanine; D-alanine; aspartate; glutamate; isoleucine; leucine; norleucine; proline; valine; acetate; aconitate; adipate; azelate; butyrate; citraconate; glutarate; DL-glycerate; 3-hydroxybutyrate; isobutyrate; isovalerate; lactate; DL-lactate; levulinate; pimelate; propionate; pyruvate; sebacate; suberate; succinate; valerate; glutamine; norvaline; benzylamine; butylamine;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • glycerol; tyrosine; caprate; heptanoate; itaconate; L-malate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; esterase C4; Leu arylamidase; oxidase; phosphoamidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent active enzymes:
  • acid phosphatase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (DeVos1985); (Wauters2003); (Willems2005aBergey);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Pigments:
  • not produced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • colistin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Betaproteobacteria Order:  Burkholderiales Family:  Comamonadaceae Genus:  Comamonas Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod Pigment:  neg
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces (CCUG), soil, and clinical sources (blood - CCUG)
    DNA G+C(%):  59.7-63.3
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    Mid T(℃):  40(neg)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  1.5(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  4.5(neg)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg DNA:  neg Tyrosine:  + Tween:  80(neg)
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  neg Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  neg D-Lyxose:  neg Mannose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  neg Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Raffinose:  neg Sucrose:  neg D-Turanose:  neg Trehalose:  neg N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  neg Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Aesculin:  neg Ethanolamine:  neg Gluconate:  + Glucosamine:  neg Glycerol:  d Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Salicin:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Starch:  neg Xylitol:  neg Ala:  + D-Ala:  + β-Ala:  w 4-Aminobutyrate:  neg 5-Aminovalerate:  neg Arg:  neg Asp:  + Betaine:  neg L-Citrulline:  neg Cys:  neg Glu:  + Gly:  neg Histamine:  neg His:  neg Ile:  + DL-Kynurenine:  neg Leu:  + Lys:  neg Met:  neg Norleucine:  + Orn:  neg Phe:  neg Pro:  + Sarcosine:  neg Ser:  neg Thr:  w Trigonelline:  neg Tryptamine:  neg Trp:  neg Tyr:  d Val:  + Acetate:  + Aconitate:  + Adipate:  + Azelate:  + Benzoate:  neg Butyrate:  + Caprate:  d Caprylate:  neg Citraconate:  + Citrate:  neg Fumarate:  w Glutarate:  + DL-Glycerate:  + Glycolate:  neg Heptanoate:  d 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  + 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Isobutyrate:  + Isovalerate:  + Itaconate:  d 2-Ketogluconate:  w 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Lactate:  + DL-Lactate:  + Levulinate:  + L-Malate:  d Maleate:  neg Malonate:  neg L-Mandelate:  neg Mesaconate:  w Nonanoate:  neg Phenylacetate:  neg Pimelate:  + Propionate:  + Pyruvate:  + Sebacate:  + Suberate:  + Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg Valerate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  + Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg Trypsin:  neg CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  d Esterase(C4):  + Lipase(C14):  neg Phosphoamidase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg Pigment:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    penicillin:  Var(MIC50): 10; disc), MIC90: Var(10; disc
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    colistin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR COMAMONAS TERRIGENA
  • DeVos1985 - Comamonas Davis and Park 1962 gen. nov., nom. rev. emend., and Comamonas terrigena Hugh 1962 sp. nov., nom. rev.
  • Wauters2003 - Description of Comamonas aquatica comb. nov. and Comamonas kerstersii sp. nov. for two subgroups of Comamonas terrigena and emended description of Comamonas terrigena.
  • Willems2005aBergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Comamonadaceae, Genus I. Comamonas
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR COMAMONAS TERRIGENA
  • Yang2020 - Species-Level Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota With Metataxonomics.
  • Yang2020a - Establishing high-accuracy biomarkers for colorectal cancer by comparing fecal microbiomes in patients with healthy families
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR COMAMONAS TERRIGENA
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: July 12, 2021