Companilactobacillus alimentarius

(aka Lactobacillus alimentarius)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Companilactobacillus alimentarius, (aka Lactobacillus alimentarius), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, microaerophilic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 36–37%. Companilactobacillus alimentarius is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Rossi2016; Reuter1983; Hammes2011Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces and food (meat, fish, sourdough). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Pathogenicity status unknown, or very unlikely to be pathogenic. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal. Robust growth can have positive consequences for gut health.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Reuter1983); (Hammes2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; hippurate;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 15℃; doesn't grow at 42℃; Grows optimally at 35℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • L-arabinose; fructose; glucose; mannose; ribose; amygdalin; aesculin; cellubiose; maltose; sucrose; trehalose; arbutin; gluconate; N-Ac glucosamine; salicin;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent acid from carbs:
  • D-arabinose; starch;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala-Phe-Pro arylamidase; β-glucosidase; pyrrolidine arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Reuter1983); (Hammes2011Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • lactate;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced

  • Macfarlane, S., Furrie, E., Cummings, J. H., & Macfarlane, G. T. (2004). Chemotaxonomic analysis of bacterial populations colonizing the rectal mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis. Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 38(12), 1690–1699.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Firmicutes Class:  Bacilli Order:  Lactobacillales Family:  Lactobacillaceae Genus:  Companilactobacillus Alt. name:  Lactobacillus alimentarius Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  microaerophilic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:   Positive
    Source:  human faeces and food (meat, fish, sourdough)
    DNA G+C(%):  36–37
    Opt. T:  35℃
    Low T(℃):  15(+)
    High T(℃):  42(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  d L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  vr Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  vr Lactose:  neg Maltose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  + Trehalose:  + Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  + Dextrin:  neg Aesculin:  + Glycogen:  neg Inulin:  neg Starch:  d Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Gluconate:  + 2-Ketogluconate:  vr 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  + Salicin:  +
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  neg Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg AlaPheProAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  + AlkalineP:  neg Lipase:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR COMPANILACTOBACILLUS ALIMENTARIUS
  • Zheng2020 - A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae.
  • Rossi2016 - Mining metagenomic whole genome sequences revealed subdominant but constant Lactobacillus population in the human gut microbiota.
  • Reuter1983 - Lactobacillus alimentarius sp. nov., nom rev. and Lactobacillus farciminis sp. nov., nom. rev.
  • Hammes2011Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 3, The Firmicutes. Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus I. Lactobacillus
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR COMPANILACTOBACILLUS ALIMENTARIUS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • MacFarlane2004 - Chemotaxonomic analysis of bacterial populations colonizing the rectal mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR COMPANILACTOBACILLUS ALIMENTARIUS
  • Ludwig2009 - Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes.
  • BacDiveAPI - BacDive API(R) test finder (bacdive.dsmz.de/api-test-finder)
    • Added: April 08, 2021