Corynebacterium ammoniagenes

(aka Brevibacterium ammoniagenes)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Corynebacterium ammoniagenes, (aka Brevibacterium ammoniagenes), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 5 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 53.7%. Corynebacterium ammoniagenes is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Collins1987; Bernard2012Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from piggery waste and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread (notes: opportunistic in immunocompromised patients). Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1987); (Bernard2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • hippurate; tyrosine; urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 10% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 10℃; grows at 37℃; doesn't grow at 45℃; Grows optimally at 30℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • glucose; sucrose;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Collins1987);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • Hâ‚‚S; indole;
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • NO3➔NO2:
  • reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin; ertapenem; meropenem; penicillin;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefepime; cefotaxime; cefuroxime;
  • Macrolides:
  • quinupristin-dalfopristin; telithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tetracycline; tigecycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; gatifloxacin; levofloxacin; moxifloxacin;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • gentamicin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • daptomycin; linezolid; telithromycin;

  • Cooke, J. V., & Keith, H. R. (1927). A type of urea-splitting bacterium gound in the human intestinal tract. J. Bacteriol, 13, 315–319.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Corynebacteriales Family:  Corynebacteriaceae Genus:  Corynebacterium Alt. name:  Brevibacterium ammoniagenes Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  piggery waste and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  53.7
    Opt. T:  30℃
    Low T(℃):  10(+)
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    High T(℃):  45(neg)
    NaCl >6%:  10(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  + Gelatin:  neg Starch:  neg Casein:  neg Chitin:  neg Tyrosine:  + Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  neg Glucose:  + Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  vr Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  vr Sucrose:  + Amygdalin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Melibiose:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg LeuAA:  + PyrrolidAA:  neg AlkalineP:  vr AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  vr EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Sens
    penicillin:  Sens
    ertapenem:  Sens
    meropenem:  Sens
    cefepime:  S, Var(MIC50): 7.8), MIC90: S, Var(7.8
    cefotaxime:  Sens
    cefuroxime:  Sens
    gentamicin:  Sens
    erythromycin:  Var
    quin-dalf:  Sens
    telithromycin:  Sens
    linezolid:  Sens
    ciprofloxacin:  Sens
    gatifloxacin:  Sens
    levofloxacin:  Sens
    moxifloxacin:  Sens
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tetracycline:  Sens
    tigecycline:  Sens
    vancomycin:  Sens
    rifampicin:  Sens
    chloramphenicol:  Sens
    SXT:  Sens
    clindamycin:  Var
    daptomycin:  Sens

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM AMMONIAGENES
  • Collins1987 - Transfer of Brevibacterium ammoniagenes (Cooke and Keith) to the Genus Corynebacterium as Corynebacterium ammoniagenes comb. nov.
  • Bernard2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Corynebacteriaceae, Genus I. Corynebacterium
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM AMMONIAGENES
  • Forster2019 - A human gut bacterial genome and culture collection for improved metagenomic analyses.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Tyakht2013 - Human gut microbiota community structures in urban and rural populations in Russia.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM AMMONIAGENES
  • CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg - Entire Collection
    • Added: April 08, 2021