Corynebacterium mucifaciens

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Corynebacterium mucifaciens is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 63-65%. Corynebacterium mucifaciens is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Funke1997a; Bernard2012Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and human faeces. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. A possible gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Nonlipophilic.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Funke1997a); (Bernard2012Bergey);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • hippurate;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; glucose; mannose; glycerol;
  • Active enzymes:
  • Ala arylamidase; alkaline phosphatase; catalase; cystine arylamidase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Funke1997a);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • Haemolysis:
  • absent
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Funke1997a);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • penicillin G;
  • aztreonam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefazolin;
  • Macrolides:
  • erythromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; gentamicin; netilmycin; tobramycin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • fusidic-acid;
  • fosfomycin;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • linezolid;
  • clindamycin;

  • Lagier, J.-C., Armougom, F., Million, M., Hugon, P., Pagnier, I., Robert, C., Bittar, F., Fournous, G., Gimenez, G., Maraninchi, M., Trape, J.-F., Koonin, E. V., La Scola, B., & Raoult, D. (2012). Microbial culturomics: paradigm shift in the human gut microbiome study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection: The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 1185–1193.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Corynebacteriales Family:  Corynebacteriaceae Genus:  Corynebacterium Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and human faeces
    DNA G+C(%):  63-65
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg Gelatin:  neg Hippurate:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  + Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  vr Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  vr Trehalose:  neg Turanose:  neg Dextrin:  neg Glycogen:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  + Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg NAc-α-GA:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  + Urease:  neg Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucosidase:  neg β-Glucuronidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg β-Mannosidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg GluDC:  neg Trypsin:  neg AlanineAA:  + AlaPheProAA:  neg CystineAA:  + GluGluAA:  neg GlyAA:  neg LeuAA:  neg LeuGlyAA:  neg PyrrolidAA:  vr ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  vr Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase:  neg Lipase(C14):  neg Phosphoamidase:  vr
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    aztreonam:  R(>64)
    penicillin_G:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.03-1)
    cefazolin:  Sens
    amikacin:  S(MIC50): 0.25), MIC90: S(0.25, RNG: (0.125-0.5)
    gentamicin:  S(MIC50): 0.063), MIC90: S(0.063, RNG: (0.063-2)
    netilmycin:  S(0.063)
    tobramycin:  S(MIC50): 0.125), MIC90: S(0.125, RNG: (0.063-0.25)
    azithromycin:  Var(MIC50): >64), MIC90: Var(>64, RNG: (0.032->64)
    erythromycin:  R(MIC50): 32, MIC90: >64, RNG: (0.06->64)
    clarithromycin:  Var(MIC50): 2), MIC90: Var(2, RNG: (0.032-8)
    linezolid:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.5-1)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  R(MIC50): 4), MIC90: R(4, RNG: (2-16)
    minocycline:  R(MIC50): 4), MIC90: R(4, RNG: (2-16)
    tetracycline:  R(MIC50): 32), MIC90: R(32, RNG: (4-64)
    teicoplanin:  S(MIC50): 0.5), MIC90: S(0.5, RNG: 0.25-0.5)
    vancomycin:  S(0.5)
    chloramphenicol:  Var(MIC50): 8), MIC90: Var(8, RNG: (4-128)
    fosfomycin:  R(>256)
    clindamycin:  R(MIC50): >32), MIC90: R(>32, RNG: (0.25->32)
    fusidic-acid:  S(MIC50): 0.25), MIC90: S(0.25, RNG: 0.125-0.5)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM MUCIFACIENS
  • Funke1997a - Corynebacterium mucifaciens sp. nov., an Unusual Species from Human Clinical Material.
  • Bernard2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Corynebacteriaceae, Genus I. Corynebacterium
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    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM MUCIFACIENS
  • Bik2006 - Molecular analysis of the bacterial microbiota in the human stomach.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Pfleiderer2013 - Culturomics identified 11 new bacterial species from a single anorexia nervosa stool sample.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
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    • Added: April 08, 2021