Corynebacterium otitidis

(aka Turicella otitidis)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Corynebacterium otitidis, (aka Turicella otitidis), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, diphtheroidal bacterium. It has been detected in at least 2 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 65-72%. Corynebacterium otitidis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Funke1994a)



  • This organism has been recovered from ear infections. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Funke1994a);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 6.5% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 37℃;
  • Active enzymes:
  • alkaline phosphatase; acid phosphatase; catalase; Leu arylamidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • indole;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Troxler2001);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • amoxicillin; amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; ampicillin-sulbactam; azlocillin; benzylpenicillin; imipenem; meropenem; mezlocillin; oxacillin; piperacillin-tazobactam; ticarcillin;
  • aztreonam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefaclor; cefazolin; cefdinir; cefepime; cefixime; cefoperazone; cefotaxime; cefotiam; cefoxitin; cefpodoxime; cefuroxime;
  • Macrolides:
  • azithromycin; clarithromycin; erythromycin; quinupristin-dalfopristin; roxithromycin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline;
  • Quinolines:
  • ciprofloxacin; norfloxacin; ofloxacin; sparfloxacin;
  • pipemidic-acid;
  • Aminoglycosides:
  • amikacin; apramycin; gentamicin; kanamycin; neomycin; netilmycin; spectinomycin; streptomycin; tobramycin;
  • Polypep/ketides:
  • rifampicin;
  • Heterocycles:
  • chloramphenicol; fusidic-acid; trimethoprim;
  • co-trimoxazole; fosfomycin; nitrofurantoin; sulfamethoxazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin; teicoplanin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin; lincomycin;

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Corynebacteriales Family:  Corynebacteriaceae Genus:  Corynebacterium Alt. name:  Turicella otitidis Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diphtheroidal
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  ear infections
    DNA G+C(%):  65-72
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    NaCl >6%:  6.5(+)
    		Aesculin:  neg Urea:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Glucose:  neg Ribose:  neg Xylose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Glycogen:  neg Mannitol:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + LeuAA:  + AlkalineP:  + AcidP:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Indole:  neg
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    amoxicillin:  S(0.06)
    Augmentin:  S(0.06)
    amp-sulb:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.13)
    azlocillin:  S(0.25)
    aztreonam:  R(16-128)
    benzyl-pen:  SensRNG: (0.01-0.06)
    mezlocillin:  SensRNG: (0.13-0.5)
    oxacillin:  SensRNG: (0.13-1)
    piper-taz:  S(0.13)
    ticarcillin:  SensRNG: (0.13-0.5)
    imipenem:  SensRNG: (0.03-0.06)
    meropenem:  SensRNG: (0.03-0.25)
    cefaclor:  SensRNG: (0.13-0.5)
    cefazolin:  SensRNG: (0.13-0.25)
    cefdinir:  S(0.03)
    cefepime:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.25)
    cefixime:  SensRNG: (0.5-2)
    cefoperazone:  SensRNG: (0.13-1)
    cefotaxime:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.5)
    cefotiam:  SensRNG: (0.06-1)
    cefoxitin:  SensRNG: (0.25-2)
    cefpodoxime:  SensRNG: (0.01-0.06)
    ceftazidime:  Var(MIC50): 0.5-16), MIC90: Var(0.5-16
    cefuroxime:  SensRNG: (0.13-0.5)
    amikacin:  SensRNG: (0.25-8)
    apramycin:  SensRNG: (0.25-4)
    gentamicin:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.25)
    kanamycin:  SensRNG: (0.25-4)
    neomycin:  SensRNG: (0.13-4)
    netilmycin:  SensRNG: (0.06-1)
    spectinomycin:  SensRNG: (2-8)
    streptomycin:  SensRNG: (0.5-8)
    tobramycin:  SensRNG: (0.06-2)
    azithromycin:  SensRNG: (0.03-128)
    erythromycin:  SensRNG: (0.03-128)
    clarithromycin:  SensRNG: (0.03-128)
    quin-dalf:  SensRNG: (0.03-0.25)
    roxithromycin:  SensRNG: (0.03-128)
    ciprofloxacin:  SensRNG: (0.06-0.13)
    enoxacin:  Var(MIC50): 2-4), MIC90: Var(2-4
    norfloxacin:  SensRNG: (0.25-2)
    ofloxacin:  SensRNG: (0.25-4)
    pefloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 1-4), MIC90: Var(1-4
    pipemidic_acid:  R(32-128)
    sparfloxacin:  SensRNG: (0.13-0.25)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    doxycycline:  SensRNG: (0.25-8)
    minocycline:  SensRNG: (0.5-8)
    tetracycline:  SensRNG: (0.5-1)
    teicoplanin:  SensRNG: (0.25-1)
    vancomycin:  SensRNG: (1-2)
    rifampicin:  S(0.01)
    chloramphenicol:  SensRNG: (0.5-2)
    fosfomycin:  R(512)
    nitrofurantoin:  R(64-256)
    sulfamethoxazole:  R(128-1024)
    trimethoprim:  SensRNG: (1-8)
    co-trimoxazole:  Res
    clindamycin:  SensRNG: (0.06-2)
    lincomycin:  SensRNG: (0.06-8)
    fusidic-acid:  SensRNG: (0.13-2)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM OTITIDIS
  • Troxler2001 - Natural Antibiotic Susceptibility of Recently Established Coryneform Bacteria.
  • Funke1994a - Turicella otitidis gen. nov., sp. nov., a coryneform bacterium isolated from patients with otitis media.
  • Baek2018 - Phylogeny Trumps Chemotaxonomy: A Case Study Involving Turicella otitidis.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM OTITIDIS
  • De2020 - Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiome and resistome of diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, India, reveals the core and variable microbiota including signatures of microbial dark matter.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • ...............................
    • Added: January 14, 2022