Corynebacterium variabile

(aka Corynebacterium mooreparkense)

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Corynebacterium variabile, (aka Corynebacterium mooreparkense), is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, non-motile, diphtheroidal bacterium. It has been detected in at least 4 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 65%. Corynebacterium variabile is likely to be transient and not a long-term gut coloniser. (Collins1987a; Bernard2012Bergey; Brennan2001b)



  • This organism has been recovered from animal fodder, cheese and other food. Has been detected in human faeces (Bilen2018e). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Could be a possible pathogen in humans, but unknown at this stage. Likely to be transient and not a long-term gut commensal.
    • QUIRKS
  • Obligate aerobe; unlikely to be a gut coloniser.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Collins1987a); (Bernard2012Bergey); (Brennan2001b);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; urea;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 7% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • Grows optimally at 25-30℃.
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • fructose; mannose; ribose;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • γ-aminobutyrate; acetate; caproate; caprylate; DL-lactate; levulinate; malate; L-malate; propionate; succinate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; esterase C4; esterase lipase C8; Leu arylamidase; lipase C14; tryptophan deaminase; urease;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • VP test:
  • active
  • ✗
  • ONPG test:
  • not active
  • Nitrate:
  • reduction is variable
  • NOTES

    Formerly known as Arthrobacter variabilis.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Actinobacteria Class:  Actinomycetia Order:  Corynebacteriales Family:  Corynebacteriaceae Genus:  Corynebacterium Alt. name:  Corynebacterium mooreparkense Gram stain:  + O2 Relation.:  strictly aerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Sessile Morphology:  Diphtheroidal
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  animal fodder, cheese and other food. Has been detected in human faeces (Bilen2018e)
    DNA G+C(%):  65
    Opt. T:  25-30℃
    NaCl >6%:  7(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  + Gelatin:  vr Starch:  neg Tyrosine:  neg
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    D-Arabinose:  neg L-Arabinose:  neg Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg D-Fucose:  neg Galactose:  neg Glucose:  vr Mannose:  + D-Lyxose:  neg Rhamnose:  neg Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  neg L-Xylose:  neg Cellubiose:  neg Gentiobiose:  neg Lactose:  neg Maltose:  neg Melibiose:  neg Sucrose:  neg Turanose:  neg Amygdalin:  neg Adonitol:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Dulcitol:  neg Erythritol:  neg Glycerol:  neg Inositol:  neg Mannitol:  neg Sorbitol:  neg Arbutin:  neg Gluconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  neg 5-Ketogluconate:  neg Me-α-D-Glc:  neg Me-α-D-Mann:  neg Me-Xyloside:  neg Salicin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    4-Aminobutyrate:  + Acetate:  + Caproate:  + Caprylate:  + DL-Lactate:  + Levulinate:  + Malate:  + L-Malate:  + Propionate:  + Succinate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Urease:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Fucosidase:  neg α-Galactosidase:  neg β-Galactosidase:  neg α-Mannosidase:  neg Chymotrypsin:  neg Trypsin:  neg TrpAA:  + CystineAA:  neg LeuAA:  + ValAA:  neg AlkalineP:  neg AcidP:  neg Esterase(C4):  + EstLip(C8):  + Lipase(C14):  +

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM VARIABILE
  • Nouioui2018 - Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria.
  • Collins1987a - Transfer of Arthrobacter variabilis (Müller) to the Genus Corynebacterium, as Corynebacterium variabilis comb. nov.
  • Gelsomino2005 - Corynebacterium mooreparkense, a later heterotypic synonym of Corynebacterium variabile.
  • Bernard2012Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5, The Actinobacteria. Part A & B. Corynebacteriaceae, Genus I. Corynebacterium
  • Breban2017 - Faecal microbiota study reveals specific dysbiosis in spondyloarthritis
  • Brennan2001b - Corynebacterium mooreparkense sp. nov. and Corynebacterium casei sp. nov., isolated from the surface of a smear-ripened cheese.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM VARIABILE
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • Li2019b - Disordered intestinal microbes are associated with the activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
  • ...............................
    • GENERAL REFERENCES FOR CORYNEBACTERIUM VARIABILE
  • Bilen2018e - Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics
    • Added: January 05, 2022