Cronobacter turicensis

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Cronobacter turicensis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. The DNA G+C content is 57%. Cronobacter turicensis is probably a rare gut coloniser. (Iversen2007; Iversen2008)



  • This organism has been recovered from clinical specimens (neonatal meningitis). The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 2, i.e., risk of individual infection, but low risk of spread. Can cause opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised people. A possible gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Iversen2007); (Iversen2008);
    Character Response
  • Substrates hydrolysed or digested:
  • aesculin; arginine;
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 7% salt;
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 37℃;
  • H+
  • Acid from carbohydrates usually produced:
  • arabinose; L-arabinose; glucose; mannose; rhamnose; xylose; cellubiose; maltose; melibiose; trehalose; dulcitol; mannitol;
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • N-acetylglucosamine; L-arabinose; arbutin; cellubiose; dulcitol; aesculin; fructose; galactose; gluconate; glucosamine; gentiobiose; glucose; glycerol; inositol; lactose; maltose; maltotriose; mannitol; mannose; melibiose; methyl-α-glucoside; ribose; raffinose; sucrose; trehalose; xylose; alanine; D-alanine; γ-aminobutyrate; aspartate; glutamate; proline; serine; fumarate; DL-glycerate; 2-ketogluconate; DL-lactate; L-malate; malonate; pyruvate; succinate; methyl-β-glucoside; methyl-α-galactoside; methyl-β-galactoside; 2,3-butanediol; DL-glycerol phosphate; lactulose; glutamine; putrescine; D-glucuronate; D-galacturonate;
  • ±
  • Strain-dependent substrate utilisation:
  • rhamnose; salicin; D-turanose; aconitate; formate; maltitol; psicose; L-asparagine; thymidine; uridine; inosine;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase; α-galactosidase; β-galactosidase; α-glucosidase; β-glucosidase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Iversen2007); (Iversen2008);
    Character Response
  • ✗
  • Metabolites not produced:
  • H₂S; indole;
  • ✗
  • Methyl red test:
  • not active
  • ✗
  • VP test:
  • not active
  • ✓
  • Nitrate:
  • reduced

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Gammaproteobacteria Order:  Enterobacterales Family:  Enterobacteriaceae Genus:  Cronobacter Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  facultatively anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Rod
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  clinical specimens (neonatal meningitis)
    DNA G+C(%):  57
    Mid T(℃):  37(+)
    NaCl >6%:  7(+)
    		Aesculin:  + Urea:  neg Arginine:  +
    CARBOHYDRATE ACID FORMATION
    Monosaccharide O/F Oligosaccharide O/F Polysaccharide O/F Polyol O/F Other O/F
    Arabinose:  + L-Arabinose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  + Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Maltose:  + Melibiose:  + Sucrose:  neg Trehalose:  + Adonitol:  neg Dulcitol:  + Mannitol:  + Sorbitol:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    L-Arabinose:  + Fructose:  + Fucose:  neg Galactose:  + Glucose:  + Mannose:  + Rhamnose:  d Ribose:  + Sorbose:  neg D-Tagatose:  neg Xylose:  + Cellubiose:  + Gentiobiose:  + Lactose:  + Maltose:  + Maltotriose:  + Melezitose:  neg Melibiose:  + Raffinose:  + Sucrose:  + D-Turanose:  d Trehalose:  + N_Acetyl_glucosamine:  + Adonitol:  neg Amygdalin:  neg D-Arabitol:  neg L-Arabitol:  neg Arbutin:  + Dulcitol:  + Erythritol:  neg Aesculin:  + Ethanolamine:  neg Gluconate:  + Glucosamine:  + Glycerol:  + Inositol:  + Inulin:  neg Mannitol:  + Me-α-D-Glc:  + Salicin:  d Sorbitol:  neg Xylitol:  neg Ala:  + D-Ala:  + 4-Aminobutyrate:  + 5-Aminovalerate:  neg Asp:  + Betaine:  neg Glu:  + Histamine:  neg His:  neg Ile:  neg Leu:  neg Lys:  neg Met:  neg Phe:  neg Pro:  + Ser:  + Thr:  neg Trigonelline:  neg Tryptamine:  neg Trp:  neg Tyr:  neg Val:  neg Aconitate:  d Benzoate:  neg Caprate:  neg Caprylate:  neg Citrate:  neg Formate:  d Fumarate:  + Glutarate:  neg DL-Glycerate:  + 3-Hydroxybutyrate:  neg 3-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg 4-Hydroxybenzoate:  neg Itaconate:  neg 2-Ketogluconate:  + 5-Ketogluconate:  neg DL-Lactate:  + L-Malate:  + Malonate:  + Mucate:  neg Phenylacetate:  neg Phenylpropionate:  neg Propionate:  neg Pyruvate:  + Quinate:  neg Saccharate:  neg Succinate:  + D-Tartrate:  neg L-Tartrate:  neg
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Oxidase:  neg Catalase:  + Ac-β-glcamnd:  neg α-Galactosidase:  + β-Galactosidase:  + α-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucosidase:  + β-Glucuronidase:  neg ArgDH:  neg LysDC:  neg OrnDC:  neg AspAA:  neg
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		H2S:  neg Indole:  neg

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR CRONOBACTER TURICENSIS
  • Iversen2007 - The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1.
  • Iversen2008 - Cronobacter gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate the biogroups of Enterobacter sakazakii, and proposal of Cronobacter sakazakii gen. nov., comb. nov., Cronobacter malonaticus sp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov., Cronobacter genomospecies 1, and of three subspecies, Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. dublinensis subsp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. lausannensis subsp. nov. and Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. lactaridi subsp. nov.
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    • Added: October 08, 2022