Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

Bacteria
General | Carbohydrate O/F | Substrate utilisation | Enzymes | Metabolites | Antibiotics

Overview

  • Desulfovibrio desulfuricans is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly anaerobic, motile, vibrio bacterium. It has been detected in at least 9 gut microbiome compilation studies or metastudies. The DNA G+C content is 55.3%. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans is probably a common, although minor, coloniser of the gut. (Hayward1959; Postgate1966; Shivani2017; Kuever2005Bergey)



  • This organism has been recovered from human faeces, clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and polluted waters. The risk classification (www.baua.de) for this organism is 1, i.e., low risk of infection and spread. Is a rare opportunistic pathogen. Is a known gut commensal.
    • GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Hayward1959); (Postgate1966); (Shivani2017); (Kuever2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • 🧂
  • Salt tolerance:
  • tolerates 0.5-2.0% salt; tolerates 4% salt;
  • pH
  • Acidity tolerance:
  • tolerates pH 7.2; Grows optimally at pH 7.5.
  • 🌡
  • Temperature tolerance:
  • grows at 30℃; grows at 44℃; Grows optimally at 30–36℃.
  • ⥅
  • Substrates assimilated or utilised:
  • ethanol; glycerol; aspartate; serine; acetate; benzoate; formate; fumarate; lactate; malate; pyruvate;
  • Active enzymes:
  • catalase;
    • SPECIAL FEATURES (Postgate1966); (Kuever2005Bergey);
    Character Response
  • ✓
  • Metabolites produced:
  • acetate; H₂S;
  • ✗
  • Nitrate:
  • not reduced
  • ✗
  • Nitrite:
  • not reduced
  • ✓
  • Sulfate:
  • reduced
  • ✓
  • Thiosulfate:
  • reduced
  • Pigments:
  • fluorescent
    • RESPONSE TO ANTIBIOTICS (Goldstein2018a); (Tyrrell2012); (Goldstein2006);
    Class Active Resistant
  • Penicillins:
  • ampicillin-sulbactam; imipenem;
  • piperacillin-tazobactam;
  • Cephalosporins:
  • cefoxitin;
  • Tetracyclines:
  • tigecycline;
  • Heterocycles:
  • metronidazole;
  • Vancomycins:
  • vancomycin;
  • Miscellaneous antibiotics:
  • clindamycin;
  • daptomycin; linezolid;
  • NOTES

    Tests positive for sulfite reductase.

    Wikipedia:

    Sulfite reductases (EC 1.8.99.1) are enzymes that participate in sulfur metabolism.[2] They catalyze the reduction of sulfite to hydrogen sulfide and water.[2][3] Electrons for the reaction are provided by a dissociable molecule of either NADPH, bound flavins, or ferredoxins.[4]

    SO32− (sulfite) + electron donor H2S (hydrogen sulfide) + oxidized donor + 3 H2O

    Sulfite reductases, which belong to the oxidoreductase family, are found in archaea, bacteria, fungi, and plants.[5][6][7] They are grouped as either assimilatory or dissimilatory sulfite reductases depending on their function, their spectroscopic properties, and their catalytic properties. This enzyme participates in selenoamino acid metabolism and sulfur assimilation. It employs two covalently coupled cofactors - an iron sulfur cluster and a siroheme - which deliver electrons to the substrate via this coupling.[8]

    The systematic name of this enzyme class is hydrogen-sulfide:acceptor oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include assimilatory sulfite reductase, assimilatory-type sulfite reductase, and hydrogen-sulfide:(acceptor) oxidoreductase.

  • Gibson, G. R., Cummings, J. H., & Macfarlane, G. T. (1991). Growth and activities of sulphate reducing bacteria in gut contents of healthy subjects and patients with ulcerative colitis. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol, 86, 103–112.

    • Details

    GENERAL
    Lineage Physiology General Growth Tolerances Hydrol./digest./degr.
    Phylum:  Proteobacteria Class:  Deltaproteobacteria Order:  Desulfovibrionales Family:  Desulfovibrionaceae Genus:  Desulfovibrio Gram stain:  neg O2 Relation.:  strictly anaerobic Spore:  No spore Motility:  Swimming Morphology:  Vibrio Pigment:  fluorescent
    Health:  Unknown
    Source:  human faeces, clinical sources (blood - CCUG) and polluted waters
    DNA G+C(%):  55.3
    Opt. T:  30–36℃
    Lower T(℃):  30(+)
    High T(℃):  44(+)
    NaCl 0.5-2%:  0.5-2.0(+)
    NaCl 3-5%:  4(+)
    Opt. pH:  7.5
    pH 6.0-8.0:  7.2(+)
    		Gelatin:  neg
    SUBSTRATE ASSIMILATION & UTILISATION
    Monosaccharide util/assim Oligosaccharide util/assim Other carboh. util/assim Amino acid util/assim Organic acid util/assim
    Ethanol:  + Glycerol:  + Asp:  + Cys:  neg Ser:  + Acetate:  + Benzoate:  + Formate:  + Fumarate:  + Lactate:  + Malate:  + Pyruvate:  +
    ENZYME ACTIVITY
    Enzymes: General Enzymes: Carbohydrate Enzymes: Protein Enzymes: Arylamidases Enzymes: Esters/fats
    Catalase:  +
    METABOLITES - PRODUCTION & USE
    Fuel Usable Metabolites Metabolites Released Special Products Compounds Produced

    		Acetate:  + H2S:  + Pigment:  fluorescent
    ANTIBIOTICS ℞
    Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) Cephalosporins (μg/mL) Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) Macrolides (μg/mL) Quinolones (μg/mL)
    ampicillin:  Var(MIC50): 1, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.125–>32)
    amp-sulb:  S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 4, RNG: (2–4)
    piper-taz:  R(MIC50): 64, MIC90: >64, RNG: (64–>64)
    imipenem:  S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.25–0.5)
    cefoxitin:  R(MIC50): 64, MIC90: 128, RNG: (1–128)
    linezolid:  R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: >32, RNG: (2–>32)
    levofloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: >16, RNG: (0.06–>16)
    moxifloxacin:  Var(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25–>16)
    Tetracyclines (μg/mL) Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) Heterocycles (μg/mL) Other (μg/mL)
    tigecycline:  S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.125–0.5)
    vancomycin:  R(MIC50): >32, MIC90: >32, RNG: (>32)
    metronidazole:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.125–0.25)
    clindamycin:  S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25–>32)
    daptomycin:  R(MIC50): >32, MIC90: >32, RNG: (>32)

    References

    SPECIFIC REFERENCES FOR DESULFOVIBRIO DESULFURICANS
  • Hayward1959 - Anaerobic Degradation of Choline I. , Vibrio cholinicus n. sp.
  • Postgate1966 - Classification of Desulfovibrio species, the nonsporulating sulfate-reducing bacteria.
  • Shivani2017 - Halodesulfovibrio spirochaetisodalis gen. nov. sp. nov. and reclassification of four Desulfovibrio spp.
  • Kuever2005Bergey - Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 2, The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria Part C. Family Desulfovibrionaceae, Genus I. Desulfovibrio
  • Finegold2010 - Pyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children
  • Finegold2012 - Microbiology of regressive autism
  • Goldstein2018a - Comparative In Vitro Activities of Relebactam, Imipenem, the Combination of the Two, and Six Comparator Antimicrobial Agents against 432 Strains of Anaerobic Organisms, Including Imipenem-Resistant Strains.
  • Tyrrell2012 - In vitro activity of TD-1792, a multivalent glycopeptide-cephalosporin antibiotic, against 377 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 34 strains of Corynebacterium species.
  • Goldstein2006 - In vitro activity of moxifloxacin against 923 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections.
  • ...............................
    • GUT MICROBIOME COMPILATIONS AND METASTUDIES FOR DESULFOVIBRIO DESULFURICANS
  • Byrd2020 - Stability and dynamics of the human gut microbiome and its association with systemic immune traits.
  • Chen2020 - Structural and Functional Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Elderly Women With Migraine
  • Chen2020a - Featured Gut Microbiomes Associated With the Progression of Chronic Hepatitis B Disease
  • Hu2019 - The Gut Microbiome Signatures Discriminate Healthy From Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
  • Lagier2016 - Culture of previously uncultured members of the human gut microbiota by culturomics.
  • New2022 - Collective effects of human genomic variation on microbiome function.
  • RajilicStojanovic2014 - The first 1000 cultured species of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
  • Rothschild2018 - Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota.
  • Zeller2014 - Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
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    • Added: April 08, 2021