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This is a inhabitant of the gut microbiota, but has also been associated with gastrointestinal infections.
Fuel sources used:
It can use the simple sugar glucose, protein and some steroids for energy.
Metabolites produced:
Our genomic analysis indicates that most members of this species can produce the following metabolites: acetate, BCAAs, GABA, histamine, lactate, succinate.
Metabolites consumed:
In addition, our genomic analysis indicates that most members of this species can consume the following metabolites: oxalate.
Disease associations:
Elevated levels of E. lenta have been associated with frailty, atherosclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome and type II diabetes.
Emerging research:
This species can inactivate the cardiac drug digoxin by breaking it down. Interestingly, this species prefers the amino acid arginine for growth. When arginine is present, this inhibits E. lenta from breaking down digoxin.
E. lenta is part of the normal human intestinal microbiome and has been most commonly associated with infections from a gastrointestinal tract (GIT) source, which are often polymicrobial. In 2001, Stinear et al. were developing a rapid PCR-based screening method for detection of fecal carriers of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) when they identified the vanB locus in Eggerthella lenta, hypothesizing that anaerobic bowel flora may represent the origin of VRE and demonstrating that E. lenta is capable of acquiring vancomycin resistance. [PMID: 25520446]
Strain C592 is a gram-positive, obligate anaerobe originally isolated from a centenarian stool sample at the University of Ryukyus in Okinawa, Japan. Strains of Eggerthella lenta are capable of oxidation-reduction reactions capable of oxidizing and epimerizing bile acid hydroxyl groups. Several genes encoding these enzymes, known as hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDH) have yet to be identified. It is also uncertain whether the products of E. lenta bile acid metabolism are further metabolized by other members of the gut microbiota. [PMID: 29617190] Eggerthella lenta is an anaerobic, Gram-positive bacillus commonly found in the human digestive tract. Occasionally, it can cause life-threatening infections. Bacteremia due to this organism is always clinically significant and is associated with gastrointestinal diseases and states of immune suppression. [PMID: 25371694]
Eggerthella lenta (strain ATCC 25559 / DSM 2243 / JCM 9979 / NCTC 11813 / VPI 0255) is an anaerobic, non-motile, non-sporulating pathogenic Gram-positive bacterium isolated from a rectal tumor in 1935. E. lenta is commonly found in blood and human intestinal microflora and can cause severe bacteremia. Its optimal growth temperature is 37 degrees Celsius. Growth is stimulated by arginine which is an important energy source via arginine dihydrolase pathway. It is bile-resistant. (Adapted from PMID 21304654). [UP000001377]
Eggerth, A. H. (1935). The gram-positive non-spore-bearing anaerobic bacilli of human feces. Journal of Bacteriology, 30(3), 277–299.
| Lineage | Physiology | General | Growth Tolerances | Hydrol./digest./degr. |
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Health: Unknown
Source: human faeces and clinical sources (blood - CCUG)
DNA G+C(%): 62
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| Monosaccharide O/F | Oligosaccharide O/F | Polysaccharide O/F | Polyol O/F | Other O/F |
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| Monosaccharide util/assim | Oligosaccharide util/assim | Other carboh. util/assim | Amino acid util/assim | Organic acid util/assim |
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| Enzymes: General | Enzymes: Carbohydrate | Enzymes: Protein | Enzymes: Arylamidases | Enzymes: Esters/fats |
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| Penicillins & Penems (μg/mL) | Cephalosporins (μg/mL) | Aminoglycosides (μg/mL) | Macrolides (μg/mL) | Quinolones (μg/mL) |
amoxicillin: Sens
Augmentin: S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.015-0.25)
ampicillin: S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.03-0.5)
amp-sulb: S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 2, RNG: (2–4)
azlocillin: Sens
aztreonam: Res
bacampicillin: Sens
benzyl-pen: Sens
cloxacillin: Res
dicloxacillin: Sens
oxacillin: Res
penicillin: S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06–2)
penicillin_G: S(MIC50): ≤0.03, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03-0.5)
piperacillin: Sens
piper-taz: Var(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 16, RNG: (≤0.03-32)
ticarcillin: Sens
tica-clav: R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.06–64)
ertapenem: S(MIC50): 0.12, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.008-4)
imipenem: S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (≤0.03-0.5)
meropenem: S(MIC50): 0.062, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.06-0.5)
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cefaclor: Sens
cefadroxil: Res
cefalexin: Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 8, RNG: (0.25-8)
cefamandole: R(MIC50): 64, MIC90: 64, RNG: (1-64)
cefazolin: R(64)
cefdinir: Sens
cefepime: Res
cefixime: Res
cefmetazole: Sens
cefoperazone: R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: 64, RNG: (0.25-128)
cefotaxime: R(128)
cefotetan: R(MIC50): >128, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.5->128)
cefotiam: R(MIC50): 64, MIC90: 64, RNG: (2-64)
cefoxitin: S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.5–32)
ceftazidime: R(MIC50): >128, MIC90: >128, RNG: (>128–>128)
ceftizoxime: R(MIC50): 32, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.06-32)
cefuroxime: S(MIC50): 2, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.015–>32)
cephalothin: Sens
moxalactam: R(MIC50): >128, MIC90: >128, RNG: (1->128)
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amikacin: Res
dihydrostrept: Res
gentamicin: Res
kanamycin: Res
neomycin: Res
sisomicin: Res
spectinomycin: Res
streptomycin: Res
tobramycin: Sens
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azithromycin: S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
erythromycin: S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: 0.125, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
fidaxomicin: S(MIC50): 0.03, MIC90: 0.03, RNG: (0.03–32)
clarithromycin: Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.06–>32)
pristinamycin: S(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.06–0.12)
quin-dalf: S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.25-2)
roxithromycin: Var(MIC50): 8, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.06–>32)
spiramycin: Sens
telithromycin: Var(MIC50): 0.06, MIC90: >32, RNG: (0.06–>32)
josamycin: Sens
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linezolid: S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (1-4)
ciprofloxacin: S(MIC50): ≤0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.5-2)
clavulanate: Res
clinafloxacin: S(0.06/0.25)
enoxacin: Sens
garenoxacin: S(0.25)
gatifloxacin: S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: -, RNG: (0.03->8)
levofloxacin: S(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 2, RNG: (≤0.06-2)
moxifloxacin: Var(MIC50): 0.5, MIC90: 32, RNG: (0.25–>32)
nalidixic-acid: Res
norfloxacin: Sens
ofloxacin: S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.25-4)
pefloxacin: Sens
pipemidic_acid: Res
sarafloxacin: Sens
sparfloxacin: Sens
trovafloxacin: S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (0.015–1)
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| Tetracyclines (μg/mL) | Vancomycin Class (μg/mL) | Polypep/ketides (μg/mL) | Heterocycles (μg/mL) | Other (μg/mL) |
doxycycline: Sens
chlortetracycline: Sens
meclocycline: Sens
methacycline: Sens
minocycline: Sens
oxytetracycline: Sens
tetracycline: S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 2, RNG: (0.06-8)
tigecycline: S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (0.125–0.25)
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teicoplanin: S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.5, RNG: (0.06-0.5)
vancomycin: S(MIC50): 1, MIC90: 2, RNG: (1-2)
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bacitracin: R(MIC50): 16, MIC90: >128, RNG: (0.25–>128)
rifabutin: Sens
rifampicin: Sens
rifapentine: Sens
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chloramphenicol: S(MIC50): 4, MIC90: 8, RNG: (2–8)
isoniazid: Res
metronidazole: S(MIC50): 0.125, MIC90: 1, RNG: (≤0.03-2)
nitrofurantoin: Sens
sulfadiazine: Res
sulfadimethoxine: Res
sulfamethoxazole: Res
sulfanilamide: Res
trimethoprim: Sens
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clindamycin: S(MIC50): 0.25, MIC90: 0.25, RNG: (≤0.03-0.25)
lincomycin: Sens
daptomycin: Var(MIC50): 2, MIC90: 16, RNG: (0.125-16)
colistin: Sens
fusidic-acid: Sens
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